2.  Muhammad the prophet: 570 CE- 632 CE  Five Pillars of Islam

3.  Three great ‘gunpowder’ empires, Ottoman, Safavid, Mughal  Vast agrarian and commercial wealth, cultural life

4.  Who were the Mughals?  Early 16 th Century Three Important Rulers

5.  1. Babur  1523, Zahir al-din Muhammad, Babur (“the tiger”) Chagatai Turk  Took Delhi in 1526, gunpowder weapons  By death in 1530, built loose empire from Kabul thruough Punjab to Bengal  Dynasty called Mughal (Persian term for Mongol), expanded almost all of India

6.  What does your text say?  Recall Indian subcontinent?  What Cultures?

7.  Hindus, Jains, Zoroastrians, Christians, Sikhism

8.  Ruler Jahangar let his wife Nur Jahan run the government  Sha Jahan’s devotion to his wife Mamtaz Mahal became world famous: Taj Mahal

9.  Population of India surged, from 105 mill/1500 to 135 mill/1600, 165 mill/1700, 190 mill/1800

10.  Grandson Akbar (1556-1605), created a large empire, brilliant charismatic ruler

11.  Akbar destroyed Hindu kingdom of Vijayanagar in So. India  Encouraged syncretic toleration, “divine Faith”, emperor as common ruler  Built beautiful city: Fatchpur Sikri, capital 1569-1585

12.  Trade with Russia: Astrakhan at mouth of Volga River  Red and greed cloth  Mirrors, walrus tusks, coral, mirrors, velvet, Borzoi dogs

13. Greatest imperial extent under him 1659- 1707 Relentless campaign to push auth. into So. India By early 18th C, ruled entire subcontinent expect for southern tip India Troubled empire: rebellions, religious tension b/w Hindus & Muslims No toleration, poll-tax on all non-Muslims, destruction of Hindu temples

14.  Culture in the Mughal Empire  TP: Identify three principal common cultural characteristics