1. Objective: to practice Punnett Squares and to discuss independent assortment and different types of dominances. 11.3

2. Independent assortment Do alleles get passed together to the next generation? 2 Factor Cross (RRYY x rryy) = (Round yellow x wrinkled green) Offspring of this cross will all be RrYy (round and yellow)

3. Independent assortment results in lots of variation Some alleles aren’t as simple as dom. or rec. and many traits are controlled by multiple genes and alleles.

4. Incomplete Dominance- cross between red flowers (RR) and White flowers (WW) = Pink flowers (RW) Codominance- chickens with black feathers crossed with one with white feathers = chicken with black and white (peppered appearance)

5. Multiple Alleles- more than 2 alleles in env. Rabbit coat colors can be 4 different known alleles for 4 different coat colors Polygenic traits- many genes involved in the trait Eye color and skin color in humans involve many genes

6. Drosophila melanogaster Fruit flies= great for studying genetics Genes don’t determine traits alone, env. Does too