1. Aim: How does the nucleus control the activities of the cell? There are two main functions of the nucleus: 1. Contains the codes  protein 2. Cell division

2. HW # 11 Read pages 300-306 Page 314 Thinking Visually Complete the Flowchart

3. Protein synthesis starts from the messages in the nucleus There are 46 Chromosomes in every human cell

4. Proteins make up 15% of body mass Muscle Cartilage Ligaments Skin Hair Haemoglobin Hormones (insulin) Antibodies enzymes

5. Proteins are made from…

6. 20 amino acids Alanine Arginine Asparagine Aspartic Acid Cysteine Glutamic Acid Glutamine Glycine Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Proline Serine Threonine Tryptophan Tyrosine ValineAlaninerginine Asparagine Aspartic Acid Cysteine Glutamic Acid Glutamine Glycine Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Proline Serine Threonine Tryptophan Tyrosine Valine Arginine

7. Proteins are made when…..a special protein zips open a section of the DNA strands in the nucleus Aim: How does DNA direct the synthesis of protein?

8. Free RNA bases link up with the exposed DNA bases on one strand only, thus forming a strand of messenger RNA

10. The newly made messenger RNA peels off and moves away to the ribosomes

11. A transfer RNA picks up an amino acid and brings it to the ribosome

12. As the ribosome sweeps across the messenger RNA, a chain of amino acids is linked together

13. As it is being formed, the protein chain begins to fold into the shape needed to function properly. Then the chain which is the protein is released by the ribosome

14. Work in your group to describe what is happening in pictures A, B, C, D, E and F A B C

15. D E F

16. protein fibrin assembles into a tough network that clots the blood and forms an insoluble blockage. How does the shape of this protein carry out the function?

17. Your Most Plentiful Protein Collagen major structural protein

18. Catalase -antioxidant enzyme (protein)

19. Research looks at how environment inside a living cell affects protein structure Jigsaw the article reading Round robin share what you read in your part of the article http://www.phys.uh.edu/~mscheung/

20. Summary Write a sentence on the relationship of structure (shape) and function (what it does) of molecules and cell organelles.