1. CUAHSI Hydrologic Information Systems David R. Maidment Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin and Ilya Zaslavsky, David Tarboton and Michael Piasecki

2. CUAHSI Hydrologic Information Systems Introduction to CUAHSI HIS WaterOneFlow web services Open MI hydrologic model interfacing system

3. CUAHSI Hydrologic Information Systems Introduction to CUAHSI HIS WaterOneFlow web services Open MI hydrologic model interfacing system

4. Continental Water Dynamics How do the water environment and the solid earth interact? GEON describes structure of the solid earth

5. Ocean Sciences CUAHSI-Hydrologic Information Systems CUAHSI – Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Hydrologic Science, Inc Formed in 2001 as a legal entity Program office in Washington (5 staff) Supported by the National Science Foundation Earth Sciences Atmospheric Sciences NSF Geosciences Directorate UCAR CUAHSI Unidata HIS

6. CUAHSI Member Institutions 109 Universities as of July 2006

7. CUAHSI Program Components

8. CUAHSI Hydrologic Information Systems Introduction to CUAHSI HIS WaterOneFlow web services Open MI hydrologic model interfacing system

9. Rainfall & Snow Water quantity and quality Remote sensing Water Data Modeling Meteorology Soil water

10. Water Data Web Sites

11. NWISWeb site output # agency_cd Agency Code # site_no USGS station number # dv_dt date of daily mean streamflow # dv_va daily mean streamflow value, in cubic-feet per-second # dv_cd daily mean streamflow value qualification code # # Sites in this file include: # USGS 02087500 NEUSE RIVER NEAR CLAYTON, NC # agency_cdsite_nodv_dtdv_vadv_cd USGS020875002003-09-011190 USGS020875002003-09-02649 USGS020875002003-09-03525 USGS020875002003-09-04486 USGS020875002003-09-05733 USGS020875002003-09-06585 USGS020875002003-09-07485 USGS020875002003-09-08463 USGS020875002003-09-09673 USGS020875002003-09-10517 USGS020875002003-09-11454 Time series of streamflow at a gaging station

12. CUAHSI Hydrologic Data Access System A common data window for accessing, viewing and downloading hydrologic information USGS NASANCDC EPANWS Observatory Data http://river.sdsc.edu/HDAS

13. Observation Stations Ameriflux Towers (NASA & DOE)NOAA Automated Surface Observing System USGS National Water Information SystemNOAA Climate Reference Network Map for the US

14. NWIS Station Observation Metadata Describe what has been measured at this station

15. Web Page Scraping Programmatically construct a URL string as produced by manual use of the web page http://nwis.waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/discharge?site_no=02087500&agency_cd=USGS&.... Parse the resulting ASCII file

16. CUAHSI Web Services Web Services Library Web Application: Data Portal Your application Excel, ArcGIS, Matlab Fortran, C/C++, Visual Basic Hydrologic model ……………. Your operating system Windows, Unix, Linux, Mac Internet Simple Object Access Protocol

17. Series and Fields Features Point, line, area, volume Discrete space representation Series – ordered sequence of numbers Time series – indexed by time Frequency series – indexed by frequency Surfaces Fields – multidimensional arrays Scalar fields – single value at each location Vector fields – magnitude and direction Random fields – probability distribution Continuous space representation

18. mm / 3 hours Precipitation Evaporation North American Regional Reanalysis of Climate Variation during the day, July 2003 NetCDF format

19. NWIS ArcGIS Excel NCAR Unidata NASA Storet NCDC Ameriflux Matlab AccessJava Fortran Visual Basic C/C++ Some operational services CUAHSI Web Services Data Sources Applications Extract Transform Load http://www.cuahsi.org/his/

20. Operational Services Service AmerifluxDaymetMODISNWISNAM GetSites Yes GetSiteInfo Yes GetVariables Yes GetVariableInfo Yes GetValues Yes GetChart Yes

21. CUAHSI Observations Data Model (ODM) Stores local observational data and metadata about remote data sources

22. Water OneFlow Like Geospatial OneStop, we need a “Water OneFlow” – a common window for water data and models Advancement of water science is critically dependent on integration of water information Federal Academic Local State

23. CUAHSI Hydrologic Information Systems Introduction to CUAHSI HIS WaterOneFlow web services Open MI hydrologic model interfacing system

24. Project sponsored by the European Commission to promote integration of water models Software standards for model linking Uses model core as an “engine” http://www.openMI.org

25. OpenMI – Links Data and Simulation Models CUAHSI Observations Data Model as an OpenMI component Simple River Model Trigger (identifies what value should be calculated)

26. Typical model architecture Application User interface + engine Engine Simulates a process – flow in a channel Accepts input Provides output Model An engine set up to represent a particular location e.g. a reach of the Thames Engine Output data Input data Model application Run Write Read User interface

27. AcceptsProvides Rainfall (mm) Runoff (m 3 /s) Temperature (Deg C) Evaporation (mm) AcceptsProvides Upstream Inflow (m 3 /s) Outflow (m 3 /s) Lateral inflow (m 3 /s) Abstractions (m 3 /s) Discharges (m 3 /s) River Model Linking modelled quantities

28. Data transfer at run time Rainfall runoff Output data Input data User interface River Output data Input data User interface GetValues(..)

29. Models for the processes River (InfoWorks RS) Rainfall (database) Sewer (Mouse) RR (Sobek-Rainfall -Runoff)

30. Data exchange 3 Rainfall.GetValues River (InfoWorks-RS) Rainfall (database) Sewer (Mouse) 2 RR.GetValues 7 RR.GetValues RR (Sobek-Rainfall -Runoff) 1 Trigger.GetValues 6 Sewer.GetValues call data 4 5 8 9

31. Conclusions CUAHSI Hydrologic Information System synthesizes water data and models WaterOneFlow web services provide a common data window on water observational data from many sources The observational data can be linked to simulation models using the OpenMI model interfacing system