1. Wide Area Networks What is a WAN Internet and WWW
Types of Networks
Global and Regional Networks
Metropolitan Area Networks
WANS
Internet and WWW
Types of connections used in gaming

2. Types of Computer Networks
A local area network (LAN) is a computer network that connects a cluster of users and devices within a building and is managed on site.
Multiple LANs can be internetworked together to form Building Area Networks (BANs) or Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs).
LANs, BANs, and MANs can be internetworked together over large geographical regions to form Wide Area Networks (WANs).
Some networks are confined to a building or office while others encompass a city or are even global
Localized networks, that is, those limited to a building or campus, can be for voice, data, or both.
Copyright 2003
Cisco Press

3. Global and Regional Networks
The telephone system is a global network allowing users from virtually anywhere in the world to call another user. The global telephone network is composed of smaller telephone networks from each country.
Telephones, for example, are physically connected to each other by telephone cable. A call from San Francisco, California to Sydney, Australia is first routed to a local telco (telephone central office). The call is then forwarded through a series of telcos until it reaches one that serves the telephone cables that have an international connection. Now the signals are sent through the cables that are laid on the floor of the Pacific Ocean. When the call reaches a telco in Australia, it is then routed through another series of telcos until it finally reaches the destination telephone in Sydney. Similarly, data is transferred through cables, whether to the computer of a coworker across the room or across the world.
Copyright 2003
Cisco Press

4. Metropolitan Area Networks
When two or more LANs are linked within a city or limited geographic area, it is called a metropolitan-area network (MAN).
A university or government that has several campuses or departments (each with its own LAN) within a metropolitan area can directly interconnect these LANs to create a MAN so that resources and data can be shared.
Users do not connect directly to a MAN, rather they connect to a LAN, which in turn connects to the MAN. Similarly, users connect to a WAN by first connecting to a LAN.
Copyright 2003
Cisco Press

5. Wide Area Networks
A wide-area network (WAN) has few geographic limits. WANs can cover a city, country, or even the entire world.
The Internet is an example of a WAN.
Since WANs connect users across great distances, they are also used by large corporations to communicate efficiently and quickly between offices within a country or around the world.
Copyright 2003
Cisco Press

6. Where the WEB Originated, the Internet
ARPANET
Internet growth
Uses of the Internet (ftp, , games, Gopher)
European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN) (Centre European pour la Recherche Nucleaire)
National Center for Supercomputer Applications
World Wide Web a.k.a. WEB

7. The ARPANET
Advanced Research Projects Agency post Sputnik
ARPANET Sept 1969
U of Utah
50Kbps
SRI
UCSB
50Kbps
50Kbps
50Kbps
UCLA

8. Internet Growth 172 Million Hosts 36 Million 130,000 1981 210 19694
1981
210
1969
1989
1998
2003

9. Early (Command line based)
Uses of the Internet
Early (Command line based)
ftp (a.k.a. file transfer protocol)
(similar look and feel to ftp)
text based games
gopher sites
ftp.spry.com
Password: anonymous

10. European Laboratory for Particle Physics
Founded in 1949
Approx personnel
Created the WEB Server Protocol -1990
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
Hypertext Markup Language
Side Effect of CERN’s research
CERN also created a browser
Character based
Needed a Nextstep computer

11. National Center for Supercomputer Applications NCSA
In 1992 the world had 50 WEB Sites
NCSA Mosaic (Marc Andreesen)
Netscape
100,000+ WEB Sites Dec 1995
Microsoft Declares War on Netscape
Exponential growth
Mosaic/Netscape GUI Interface

12. World Wide Web a.k.a. WEB Internet traffic Client Server System
Millions of Sites (Servers)
100s of Millions - browsers (clients)
Internet traffic
Number of Hosts
Number of Users
worldwide-billion.html
Not bad for a side-effect

13. WANs used for Gaming
Probably the first that would come to mind would be the state wide progressives
Megabucks
Aristocrat's newest multi-site progressive, Loco Loot
Usually found at Indian Casinos
State-wide slot jackpot network
Owned and run by the International Game Technology (IGT)
Operated in many states:
Nevada
California
New Jersey
Mississippi

14. WANs used for Gaming Megabucks State-wide slot jackpot network History
The networks don’t cross state lines
Thus each state that has a Megabucks network has their own jackpot that is independent of the other ones
History
The version in Nevada has operated for approximately 22 years
Communications
When it started only leased lines and dial up service s from the telephone companies
Types of services available starting in the 1980s
Dial-up using ISDN or POTS
Frame Relay

15. WANs used for Gaming Megabucks Aristocrat‘s Hyperlink Produces
Communications
Many older installs still use their original network connections
Aristocrat‘s Hyperlink Produces
Examples
Local Loot
Supports local and multisite progressive slot games
Cash Express Player’s World
Characteristics
Hyperlink is a patented linked progressive gaming product developed by Aristocrat.
Banks of gaming machines are linked together to drive the randomly triggered four level jackpot.

16. WANs used for Gaming Aristocrat‘s Hyperlink Produces Characteristics
Jackpot is triggered at random and players move into a second screen feature to determine what level of the jackpot is won
Communications technologies Now Available
Virtual Private Networks over shared networks
Leased private networks
Leased communications lines
Dial-up