1. Chapter 11 Origin and Ages of Lakes Glacial Tectonic Volcanic Riverine Coastal Solution Reservoir

5. http://www.eeescience.utoledo.edu/Faculty/Gottgens/webpapers/Gottgens%20et%20al.%20WASP%201998.pdf

6. Glacial lakes Developed by an ice barrier –proglacial lakes) Developed by glacial erosion –Cirque and paternoster lakes, fjords, and kettle or pothole lakes Developed by glacial deposition (moraines) Developed by a mixture of glacial activity

7. Summit Lake, Alaska Cirque Lakes Lake Seal, Tasmania

8. Paternoster lakes (Glacier National Park)

9. Fjords (Norway)

10. Kettle lakes (ex Dundee WI) formed when block of trapped glacial ice in accumulated till melted. Plunge-pool lakes formed at the base of a waterfalls off retreating glaciers. melt water

11. Space-shuttle photograph of the Finger Lake district in western New York. http://www.geospectra.net/kite/ny_finger/finger.htm Morainal damming formed the Finger Lakes, Lake Mendota (& many WI lakes)

12. Glacial Lakes

15. Polygon ponds, Arctic region (see book Fig. 11.18).

16. Lake Baikal Max depth 1,620 m Length: 636 km Width: 80 km Shoreline length: 2,100 km Volume: 23,600 km 3 (almost 20% of the world’s surface fresh water, more than all five Great Lakes combined) Tectonic Lakes (formed by deep earth crustal movements)

17. Lake Tanganyika Graben lakes: multiple faults (see book Fig 11.19)

18. Rifting A geologic term that describes the process that occurs when land sinks between two parallel faults.

19. Lake Chad Depth: 2-3 m Watershed:lake = 604:1 African rift lakes

20. Lake Chad, which once straddled the borders of Chad, Niger, Nigeria and Cameroon, has shrunk by an estimated 95% since the mid 1960s, due to the growth of agriculture and declining rainfall. Image: Unep

21. Volcanic crater Lakes

22. (See also book Fig 11.20)

23. Riverine (or fluvial) lakes

24. Riverine lakes (book Fig 11.17): Dominant lake type at low latitudes Oxbow, blocked-valley, floodplain lakes (varzea) River meander becomes separated  Oxbow lakes (billabong) http://www.lmic.state.mn.us/gifs/wilkin_oxbow.jpg

25. Lakes with other origins Coastal lakes Solution (karst) lakes Reservoirs

27. Wintergarden, Florida

28. “Gator Lake”, Florida Everglades (1989)

29. Reservoirs