1. 1 Information Literacy Programme Use of Internet and Electronic Resource search Techniques Presenter: Apollo Abungu

2. 2 Contents  Definition of Information Literacy  Objectives  Qualities of information literate persons  Planning your search i. Boolean search ii.Truncation iii. Exact phrase search  Online resources available at IED EA  JSTOR  EBSCOHOST  Part two - Practical Journal Search

3. 3 “The competencies and skills Library users need to locate, retrieve, evaluate, analyze, and use information. These competencies are developed over time and are essential for lifelong learning. ” (UNESCO, 2005) Information literacy enables people to recognize the value of information and use it to make informed choices in their personal, professional and academic lives. (Source adapted - WAAL Information Literacy Committee, 1998) WAAL Information Literacy CommitteeWAAL Information Literacy Committee What is information literacy?

4. 4  Information literacy is a survival skill in the Information Age. Instead of drowning in the abundance of information that floods their lives, information literate people know how to find, evaluate, and use information effectively to solve a particular problem or make a decision… - ALA Presidential Committee on Information Literacy

5. 5 Objectives of IL  Ensure effective and efficient information retrieval  Create awareness of available information resources  Develop and implement effective search strategies.  Use information effectively to accomplish a specific purpose.

6. 6 Qualities of an information Literate person Recognition that information is required Knows where to find information Knows how that information is organized Knows how to retrieve information Understanding different formats in which information appears Will apply it for effective outcome.

7. 7 Able to record information sources used accurately. Able to create bibliographies and understand bibliographic styles. Understand issues surrounding plagiarism and copyright Able to carry out literature reviews Understand methods of current awareness Qualities cont…

8. 8 Search techniques.  Keywords  Boolean searching  Combining words  Phrase searching  Truncation/wildcard searching  Focusing a search

9. 9 Before you search, you need to:  Prepare  What do you need to know about your topic?  Make a list of all the terms connected with your topic.  Include names, organizations, and phrases.  Organize  Make a list of the words that are critical to your search.  Note terms that you don’t want to see appear.  Discard the rest.  Combine-( Use Boolean operators to combine most important terms.)  Use AND to connect the terms you want to see.  Use OR to include similar terms.  Use NOT to exclude terms you don’t want.  Use lower case for all proper nouns, except for acronyms

10. 10 Why Boolean?  In Boolean searching, connecting terms also known as operators, are used to combine words and phrases to get better search results.  Knowledge of basic Boolean principles, enables you to search a library catalogue, a database, even the Internet.

11. 11 AND OR NOT Pediatrics surgery Pediatrics surgery Pediatrics surgery Pediatrics Pediatrics Pediatrics AND OR NOT Surgery Surgery Surgery Boolean operators Application

12. 12 Template with Boolean application

13. 13 Truncation or stemming.   A search technique that allows for searching of variant spellings and words with different endings through the use of specific symbols e.g. ( *, $, ?, !)   (Remember symbols differ according to databases).

14. 14 How do I Truncate?  Step 1. Find the “common stem keyword. For instance, Regulat  Step 2. Search for that stem with the symbol (*, ?, !).e.g. Regulat* retrieves regulation, regulations, regulatory, regulating, regulate etc. ( (If the * does not work for the database you are using, consult the Help section of the database.).

15. 15 Example Using truncation   To find materials on Education training in Tanzania:   Educat* AND Tanzania to include the terms Educate, Education or Educational, Educationist(s) which ‘education' would not retrieve.

16. 16 Truncation for variant spelling  i.e...organisation /organization (British/American English)  Truncation can also be helpful in some cases of (variant spelling). i.e...organisation /organization (British/American English)   Also use a truncation symbol to look for different word forms WITHIN a word colo*r matches both “color” and “colour.” (wom*n would find WOMAN and WOMEN, colo*r matches both “color” and “colour.”)

17. 17 Advanced Truncation  A question mark (?) stands for exactly one character. Multiple question marks in a row stand for the same number of characters. For example, psych????y matches either “psychology” or “psychiatry”, but not “psychotherapy.” For example, psych????y matches either “psychology” or “psychiatry”, but not “psychotherapy.”  If you see a message about a search being invalid, you’ll need to add at least one character before one of the wildcards.

18. 18 Exact phrase search  Involves use of quotation marks (“ ”) to undertake an exact phrase search so that you narrow down your results to the exact phrase or name you are looking for. (This technique works in most databases.) (This technique works in most databases.)  E.g. “Educational research” or “Paulo Freire”

19. Online Resources, Passwords and URL’s 19 PUBLISHER ACCESS REQUIREMENT URL SAGE ONLINENo password in Campus User id: agakhanuni Passwd: tanzania08 http://online.sagepub.com/ EMERALD User Id: 490482 Passwd:emerald www.emeraldinsight.com EBSCOhost User Id: ns055276 Passwd: password (Use pword outside the Institution) http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx WILEY INTER-SCIENCEUser Id: agakhaninasp Passwd: access http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/ OXFORD ONLINEActivated No passwordhttp://www.oxfordjournals.org/ JSTORNo password in campus User Id: agakhan Passwd:welcome http://www.jstor.org/ Cambridge online journalN/Ahttp://journals.cambridge.org/ UNESCOFree Accesshttp://www.unesco.org/en/education Directory of Online Access Journal (DOAJ) Free Accesshttp://www.doaj.org/ The American Educational Research Association- AERA Special Interest Group (SIG) Free Accesshttp://aera-cr.asu.edu/ejournals/ Education Policy and Data Center Free Accesshttp://epdc.org/Default.aspx Aga Khan University-IEDEA library Free Accesshttp://www.aku.edu/iedea/Library/index.shtml World Bank DataFree Accesshttp://data.worldbank.org/

20. What is JSTOR?  Was founded in 1995 to build trusted digital archives for scholarship.  It offers a high-quality, interdisciplinary archive to support scholarship and teaching.  JSTOR includes archives of over 1,000 leading academic journals and primary source materials valuable for academic work.  The entire archive is full-text searchable, offers search term highlighting, includes high-quality images, and is interlinked by millions of citations and references. 20

21. 21 Basic search results

22. 22 Advanced search screen

23. 23 Advanced search results

24. 24 Browsing JSTOR

25. i. Academic source complete – -10,900 publications PDF going back 1865. - 4,400 peer-reviewed journals. ii. Education Research Complete – -1,870 journals indexes and abstracts & 1,060 full text journals iii. Library, Information Science & Technology Abstracts - LISTA indexes more than 560 core journals, nearly 50 priority journals, and nearly 125 selective journals; plus books, research reports and proceedings. - LISTA indexes more than 560 core journals, nearly 50 priority journals, and nearly 125 selective journals; plus books, research reports and proceedings. iv. Newspaper Source – Has selected full text of 40 US National N/papers and 389 US regional N/papers 25 2. Dbases under EBSCOhost

26. 26 EBSCOhost home page

27. 27 Advanced Search

28. 28 Search Results

29. 29 Dos and don’ts of searching Dos and don’ts of searching  DO undertake preliminary background reading  DO plan your search strategy carefully  DO use the instructions for the specific database or ask the library staff for help  DO ask a librarian for advice if needed; some searches are just not easy to do.  DON’T just type in your essay title  DON’T give up if the first attempt is not successful — try to refine your search  DON’T waste time getting nowhere

30. 30 Remember: *** Knowledge is free at the library. Just bring your own container. - Unknown

31. 31 End Of part one (1) End Of part one (1)   Thank you   Any questions?

32. 32 Part two(2)  Practical search using JSTOR and EBSCOST.