1. Go to Section: Interest Grabber Feel the Burn Do you like to run, bike, or swim? These all are good ways to exercise. When you exercise, your body uses oxygen to get energy from glucose, a six-carbon sugar. Section 9-1 1.How does your body feel at the start of exercise, such as a long, slow run? How do you feel 1 minute into the run; 10 minutes into the run? 2.What do you think is happening in your cells to cause the changes in how you feel? 3.Think about running as fast as you can for 100 meters. Could you keep up this pace for a much longer distance? Explain your answer.

2. Go to Section: Section Outline 9–1Chemical Pathways A.Chemical Energy and Food B.Overview of Cellular Respiration C.Glycolysis 1.ATP Production 2.NADH Production D.Fermentation 1.Alcoholic Fermentation 2.Lactic Acid Fermentation Section 9-1

3. Go to Section: Glucose Glycolysis Krebs cycle Electron transport Fermentation (without oxygen) Alcohol or lactic acid Chemical Pathways Section 9-1

4. Go to Section: Glucose Glycolysis Cytoplasm Pyruvic acid Electrons carried in NADH Krebs Cycle Electrons carried in NADH and FADH 2 Electron Transport Chain Mitochondrion Figure 9–2 Cellular Respiration: An Overview Mitochondrion Section 9-1

5. Go to Section: Glucose To the electron transport chain Figure 9–3 Glycolysis Section 9-1 2 Pyruvic acid

6. Go to Section: Glucose To the electron transport chain Figure 9–3 Glycolysis Section 9-1 2 Pyruvic acid

7. Go to Section: Glucose To the electron transport chain Figure 9–3 Glycolysis Section 9-1 2 Pyruvic acid

8. Go to Section: Glucose Pyruvic acid Lactic acid Figure 9–4 Lactic Acid Fermentation Section 9-1

9. Go to Section: Glucose Pyruvic acid Lactic acid Figure 9–4 Lactic Acid Fermentation Section 9-1

10. Go to Section: Glucose Pyruvic acid Lactic acid Figure 9–4 Lactic Acid Fermentation Section 9-1

11. Go to Section: Interest Grabber Rolling and Folding Some of the steps in cellular respiration take place in the membrane inside the cell structure called the mitochondrion, which has a folded inner membrane. What purpose do these folds serve? To find out the answer to this question, perform this activity. Section 9-2

12. Go to Section: Interest Grabber continued 1.Obtain two sheets of paper and a metric ruler. What is the surface area of the paper? 2.Roll one sheet of paper into a tube lengthwise. What is the surface area of the rolled paper? 3.Fold the second sheet of paper into a fan. Then, roll the first sheet of paper around the folded paper so it is inside the rolled paper. What has happened to the surface area of the inside of the rolled paper? 4.What would be the value of increasing the surface area of the membrane inside a mitochondrion? Section 9-2

13. Go to Section: Section Outline 9–2The Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport A.The Krebs Cycle B.Electron Transport C.The Totals D.Energy and Exercise 1.Quick Energy 2.Long-Term Energy E.Comparing Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Section 9-2

14. Go to Section: Flowchart Section 9-2 Glucose (C 6 H 12 0 6 ) + Oxygen (0 2 ) Glycolysis Krebs Cycle Electron Transport Chain Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) + Water (H 2 O) Cellular Respiration

15. Go to Section: Citric Acid Production Figure 9–6 The Krebs Cycle Section 9-2 Mitochondrion

16. Go to Section: Citric Acid Production Figure 9–6 The Krebs Cycle Section 9-2 Mitochondrion

17. Go to Section: Figure 9–7 Electron Transport Chain Section 9-2 Electron Transport Hydrogen Ion Movement ATP Production ATP synthase Channel Inner Membrane Matrix Intermembrane Space Mitochondrion

18. Video Contents Click a hyperlink to choose a video. Aerobic Respiration Glycolysis Krebs Cycle, Part 1 Krebs Cycle, Part 2 Electron Transport Chain, Part 1 Electron Transport Chain, Part 2

19. Video 1 Click the image to play the video segment. Video 1 Aerobic Respiration

20. Video 2 Click the image to play the video segment. Video 2 Glycolysis

21. Video 3 Click the image to play the video segment. Video 3 Krebs Cycle, Part 1

22. Video 4 Click the image to play the video segment. Video 4 Krebs Cycle, Part 2

23. Video 5 Click the image to play the video segment. Video 5 Electron Transport Chain, Part 1

24. Video 6 Click the image to play the video segment. Video 6 Electron Transport Chain, Part 2

25. Internet Links from the authors on Creatine Share kimchi lab data Interactive test For links on cellular respiration, go to www.SciLinks.org and enter the Web Code as follows: cbn-3091.www.SciLinks.org For links on the Krebs cycle, go to www.SciLinks.org and enter the Web Code as follows: cbn-3092.www.SciLinks.org Go Online

26. Section 1 Answers Interest Grabber Answers 1.How does your body feel at the start of exercise, such as a long, slow run? How do you feel 1 minute into the run; 10 minutes into the run? Students may answer that they feel no fatigue at the start of a run; however, after 1 minute and more so after 10 minutes, they are breathing hard, their heart rate has increased significantly, and their muscles may hurt. 2.What do you think is happening in your cells to cause the changes in how you feel? Students may say that the increase in heart rate and breathing rate are a response that gets extra oxygen to the cells. The pain may be attributed to the cells becoming fatigued. 3.Think about running as fast as you can for 100 meters. Could you keep up this pace for a much longer distance? Explain your answer. Students may know that very high levels of performance can be sustained only very briefly even among the best of athletes. Students may say that the body runs out of readily available energy, food, or oxygen, or that the body builds up too many waste products in the cells.

27. Section 2 Answers Interest Grabber Answers 1.Obtain two sheets of paper and a metric ruler. What is the surface area of the paper? The area will vary depending on the size of paper used. A sheet of notebook paper has an area of approximately 600 cm 3. 2.Roll one sheet of paper into a tube lengthwise. What is the surface area of the rolled paper? The surface area is the same as the original sheet of paper. 3.Fold the second sheet of paper into a fan. Then, roll the first sheet of paper around the folded paper so it is inside the rolled paper. What has happened to the surface area of the inside of the rolled paper? The surface area has increased (surface area of rolled paper + surface area of folded paper). 4.What would be the value of increasing the surface area of the membrane inside a mitochondrion? Increasing the surface area increases the amount of space where chemical reactions can take place.

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