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9.3 Getting Energy to Make ATP
Cellular Respiration Fermentation Photosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration
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Cellular Respiration Process by which mitochondria break down food to make ATP 3 Steps of Cellular Respiration 1. __________________ 2. _______________ (Krebs Cycle) 3. ___________________________ 1st stage: Anaerobic 2–3 stages: Aerobic
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Glycolysis = No Oxygen Series of chemical rxns in the cytoplasm that breaks down _____________, a 6 carbon compound, into 2 molecules of ________________, a 3 carbon compound. 2ATP used to start glycolysis and 4ATP produced = not efficient source of energy What is the net ATP produced? #NADH? #Hydrogens?
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Citric Acid Cycle = Oxygen
Pyruvic acid from the cytoplasm moves into the ______________. Before it can begin the CAC, it must undergo some changes before it enters the _______________________. Pyruvic acid gives off a molecule of ______ and combines with coenzyme A, to form ________________. Acetyl-CoA produces NADH and H+ and this begins the ____________________________.
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Citric Acid Cycle continued
1: Acetyl CoA reacts with 4C compound to form a Citric Acid (4 + 2 = __C) 2: CO2 produced, converting a 6C molecule to a ___C molecule. (6-1 = __) During this time NADH and H+ is produced. 3: Another molecule of CO2 released, makes a 4C compound, 1 ATP, and 1 NADH 4: 4C compound goes through a series of reactions and produces FADH2, NADH, and H+ Carbon chain rearranged and starts all over again when set up with Acetyl – CoA (NAD + and FAD are used as electron carriers for the ETC of the mitochondria) For every turn of the cycle 1 ATP and 2 CO2 molecules produced
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Electron Transport Chain
Inner membrane of the mitochondrion 1: _______and _______deliver energized electrons to the mitochondrial membrane 2: Electrons are passed from protein to protein, releasing _______along the way. Some of the energy is used directly to form ________ or H+ ions into mitochondria. Inside becomes __________charged, so outside the membrane becomes ____________. This drives the energy for _________ production 3. Final electron acceptor = Oxygen. It reacts with 4 H+ and 4 electrons to form 2 ______ molecules. Adds _______ ATP molecules to the 4 already produced. Why is oxygen so important to the process?
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Lactic Acid Fermentation
Follows glycolysis and provides a means of producing ATP until oxygen is readily available Aerobic or anaerobic?_______________________ 2 molecules of _______________ produced in glycolysis use NADH to form 2 molecules of _______________. Releases NAD+ and 2 ATP for each _____________ molecule Lactic acid is transferred from muscle cells, to the liver that converts it back to pyruvic acid. Lactic acid that builds up in muscle cells = muscle ______________.
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Alcoholic Fermentation
Used by yeast cells and some bacteria to produce _______ and ______________. Glucose Glycolysis (2 pyruvic acids) carbon dioxide + alcohol + 2 ATP Efficient?_________________________
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Comparison of Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis (Chloroplasts) _________synthesized Energy from sun stored in ___________________ ____________ given off Produces sugars from PGAL Requires _____________ Occurs only in presence of ____________________ Cellular Respiration (Mitochondria) __________ broken down Energy of _______ released ______________ taken in Produces _____________ and _______________ Does not require ________ Occurs in all living _______
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Homework/Classwork WS 9.3 9.3 Section Assessment Q1 and 5 pg 237
Photosynthesis/Cellular Respiration Flow Chart – Fill in with a partner
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