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Published byAlban Singleton Modified over 8 years ago
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A New South?: The South, 1877-1900
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North vs. South in 1861 Wealth: 25% Farmland: 25% Railroad Milage: 29% Factory Production: 9% Population: 29%
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The South in 1877 Run by Pre-Civil War Elites and Veterans of the Civil War Not Fully Segregated Cotton Dependent Poor
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The New South: Henry Grady 1886: Henry Grady Calls for a New South
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Fuel for Industrializing Southern Pride Southern Poverty Provides Labor Inefficiency of Sharecropping
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Industrialization: 1877-1900 Steel Mills Textiles Tobacco and Soft Drinks –Coca-Cola –Dr. Pepper –Pepsi Railroads
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Dr. John Pemberton, Inventor of Coca-Cola
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Problems Limited Growth: 1860-1900 -.2% Per Capita Income: –1860: 72% of National Average –1880: 52% –1920: 62% Low Wages Low Education Spending Capital Problems
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Growth of Southern Cities Industry and Commerce Better Transportation = More connected to outside Alienation from the countryside
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Southern Agrarian Revolt The Cotton Trap The Agrarian Revolt: –Lower Interest Credit –Lower Rail Shipping Rates –Lower Food Prices –Lower Necessity Prices –Higher Crop Prices
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Organized Protest The Grange The Southern Farmer’s Alliance The Colored Farmer’s Alliance Collapse of the Farmer’s Alliances The Populist Party: 1892-6
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Charles Macune, Leader of the Farmer’s Alliances
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Women in the New South Limits of Feminism Urban Middle Class Women Church Work Women’s Christian Temperance Union Memorials: United Daughters of the Confedracy (1894) Women’s Clubs
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1877-1890: An Uncertain System A New Black Generation White Backlash Lynchmobs –1892: 235 Lynchings –1882-1903: Almost 2000 lynchings –Grew out of confrontations in business and politics
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Segregation Rising in South, Declining in North Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896, 7-1) –Justice Harlan dissents Jim Crow Laws Voting Disenfranchisement Racism
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Black Responses Withdrawal to Communal Life Men’s Fraternal and Self-Help Organizations Women’s Clubs
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Booker T. Washington
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Booker T. Washington (1856-1915) Emphasized self-improvement, education, industry, and the Black community making itself wealthier Founds Tuskegee Institute George Washington Carver (Director of Agricultural Research) 1895: Atlanta Compromise
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A Tuskegee Classroom
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