1. The commissioning of Virgo and GEO The link with N5-WG1 G.Losurdo – INFN Florence H.Grote – AEI Hannover on behalf of N5-WG1

2. ILIAS Annual Meeting - Chambery, Feb. 27th, 2007 G.Losurdo – INFN Firenze 2/19 GW detection in Europe Interferometers GEO600 – D/UK Hannover Virgo – F/I/NL Cascina (PI), EGO Resonant detectors Auriga – I Legnaro (PD) Explorer – I CERN Nautilus – I Frascati (RM)

3. ILIAS Annual Meeting - Chambery, Feb. 27th, 2007 G.Losurdo – INFN Firenze 3/19 Detector plans 20062007 LSC-Virgo MoU for data exchange and joint analysis Run Commissioning S5 Commissioning

4. ILIAS Annual Meeting - Chambery, Feb. 27th, 2007 G.Losurdo – INFN Firenze 4/19 GEO600 in LSC-S5  Instrumental duty cycle: 94.3 %  Science time duty cycle: 91.0 %  Longest lock: 102 hrs  Good stationarity Inst. duty cycle [%] May 1 - Oct 15: 168 days days Histogram of sensitivities (BLRMS 555-565Hz) May-September

5. ILIAS Annual Meeting - Chambery, Feb. 27th, 2007 G.Losurdo – INFN Firenze 5/19 After S5 Continue commissioning (at least until spring 2007) to:  improve sensitivity  allow long term operation  understand better the noise sources GEO runs in overnight/weekend mode since Oct 15 What next?  Re-join S5 until its end or commissioning until end 2007?  Stay on run during 2008  Sequential upgrades starting 2009

6. ILIAS Annual Meeting - Chambery, Feb. 27th, 2007 G.Losurdo – INFN Firenze 6/19 Virgo last year  Work on several issues aimed to –improve robustness –improve sensitivity –understand fully the noise  Weekly Science Runs (WSR): detector taking data during some weekends. Nine WSRs held so far

7. ILIAS Annual Meeting - Chambery, Feb. 27th, 2007 G.Losurdo – INFN Firenze 7/19 Detector progress Main actions  Reduction of longitudinal control noise  Reduction of scattered light effects  Improvements of the interferometer controls WSR 1 – Sep 06 WSR 8 – Feb 07 SENSITIVITY WSR 5 – Nov 06 WSR 7 – Jan 07 GAUSSIANITY STABILITY 55.5 hrs lock interferometer power

8. ILIAS Annual Meeting - Chambery, Feb. 27th, 2007 G.Losurdo – INFN Firenze 8/19 WSRn: towards S5 WSR #dateduty cycle (% locked) 1Sep 8-11, 200690 2Sep 22-25, 200665 3Oct 6-9, 2006cancelled 4Oct 13-16, 2006cancelled 5Nov 10-13, 200665 6Dec 1-4, 200680 7Jan 12-15, 200776 8Feb 9-12, 200794 9Feb 17-19, 2007100 Commissioning going on Planned start of the long science run: May 18th

9. ILIAS Annual Meeting - Chambery, Feb. 27th, 2007 G.Losurdo – INFN Firenze 9/19 Noise hunting  Noise not completely understod.  Noise hunting going on on both detectors  Collaboration going on in WG1 to face common problems mark the gap between the understood noise and the measured one

10. The role of N5-WG1

11. ILIAS Annual Meeting - Chambery, Feb. 27th, 2007 G.Losurdo – INFN Firenze 11/19 N5-WG1 - the mission  Objectives –To speed up the commissioning and the characterization of Virgo and GEO by means of a deeper collaboration between the two teams –To develop common methods of characterization of interferometric GW detectors to be applied to Virgo and GEO –To suggest short term improvements of the existing interferometric detectors on the base of the commissioning experience  Activity: – face-to-face meetings: detectors status overview, commissioning issues, “hot topic” – parallel projects: joint work on specific commissioning topics performed by smaller groups –visits to labs and detector sites, control room sessions

12. ILIAS Annual Meeting - Chambery, Feb. 27th, 2007 G.Losurdo – INFN Firenze 12/19 N5-WG1 – the group GEO600 A.Freise S.Hild H.Grote (co-chair) G.Degaillaix H.Lueck J.Smith Virgo M.Barsuglia H. Heitmann P.La Penna G.Losurdo (co-chair) E.Tournefier Bar detectors L.Taffarello M.Visco Many others attending and giving talks… P.Ajith, L.Barsotti, V.Dattilo, M.Evans, I.Fiori, R.Gouaty, R.Flaminio, V.Iafolla, M.Mantovani, J.Marque, G.Mayer, G.Vajente, B.Willke, J.P.Zendri,…

13. ILIAS Annual Meeting - Chambery, Feb. 27th, 2007 G.Losurdo – INFN Firenze 13/19 N5-WG1 - Meetings held so far WG1 meetings 1st meeting1st meeting, Cascina, Jul 7-8 2004 2nd meeting2nd meeting, Hannover, Sep 23-24 2004 3rd meeting3rd meeting, Cascina, Jan 24-26 2005 4th meeting4th meeting, Hannover, April 7-8 2005 5th meeting5th meeting, Telecon, Jul 14 2005 6th meeting6th meeting, Perugia, Sep19-20 2005 7th meeting7th meeting, Hannover, Dec 12 2005 8th meeting8th meeting, Frascati, Mar 20-21 2006 9th meeting9th meeting, Potsdam, Jul 21-22 2006 10th meeting10th meeting, Cascina, Nov 13-14 2006 11th meeting11th meeting, Hannover, Jan 23-24, 2007 12th meeting, CERN, Mar 29-30, 2007 The windmills project 1st telecon1st telecon, May 12, 2005 Team meeting, Cascina, 7-9 June 2005 Seismic survey, GEO600 site, July 25-29 2005 2nd telecon, August 25, 2005 Team meeting Seismic survey 2nd telecon The beam centering project 1st report1st report, Napoli-Cascina, June 10-14, 2005 The alignment simulation project 1st meeting1st meeting, Birmingham, August 2006 The joint noise hunting project 1st report1st report, Cascina, September 11-22 2006 2nd report, Cascina, October 16-20 2006 3rd report, Cascina, November 13-17 2006 4th report, Cascina, January 14-19 2007 2nd report 3rd report 4th report 5th report, Cascina, March 2007 PARALLEL PROJECTS environmental noise studies interferometer controls sensitivity studies

14. ILIAS Annual Meeting - Chambery, Feb. 27th, 2007 G.Losurdo – INFN Firenze 14/19 Common problems: stray light  Stray light (or scattered light) is an important noise source for all of the interferometric detectors, and is hard to foresee and modelize  Extremely small amounts of light power can cause significant problems  Diagnostics: –Search of spurious beams –Acoustic noise injections –Tapping/hammering tests  Noise reduction techniques: –New optical layouts for auxiliary beams –Larger/higher quality optics –AR-coated windows on photodiodes –Beam dumps Typical topic for WG1

15. ILIAS Annual Meeting - Chambery, Feb. 27th, 2007 G.Losurdo – INFN Firenze 15/19 The joint noise hunting project Common noise investigations – Virgo alignment noise projections – Virgo laser power noise investigations – GEO noise transfer functions simulation – General noise hunting at both sites – Knowledge exchange A 9 months post-doc fellowship granted. J.Smith (GEO) spent 25% of time at Virgo site Common algos/Software exchange – GEO algo for glitch parameterization implemented at Virgo – GEO data viewer used at Virgo to listen to “dark fringe music” and for off- line analysis of data

16. ILIAS Annual Meeting - Chambery, Feb. 27th, 2007 G.Losurdo – INFN Firenze 16/19 The joint noise hunting project How much is the alignment noise coupled with the GW channel?  Answer the questions by measuring noise projections  Method frequently discussed in WG1, now widely used on both detectors J. Smith - G. Vajente Virgo sensitivity Alignment noise contributions

17. ILIAS Annual Meeting - Chambery, Feb. 27th, 2007 G.Losurdo – INFN Firenze 17/19 The joint noise hunting project GEO glitch monitor available at Virgo. Precious “commissioning oriented” tool for understanding detector noise ― data quality ― detector noise characterization ― vetoing Every point is a glitch: an excess of power for some short period of time (tens of ms) and a narrow frequency band (tens of Hz) HACR at Virgo J. Smith - G. Vajente

18. ILIAS Annual Meeting - Chambery, Feb. 27th, 2007 G.Losurdo – INFN Firenze 18/19 The Windmills project  Costruction of two windmills stations near Virgo proposed. Concern for seismic disturbance  The wind park next to GEO600: chance to study the windmills seismic wave field in a soft soil similar to the Virgo one. –Seismic survey on GEO600 site using two stations run in coincidence –A model of noise spectral composition and soil attenuation was done and used to predict effects of the wind parks at Virgo. A safety distance of 5km from Virgo buildings was defined.  Positive reaction of both windmill companies, which modified projects layout to comply with our request.  Joint VIRGO-GEO600 document: VIR-NOT-PIS-1390-317 (I.Fiori L.Giordano S.Hild G.Losurdo E.Marchetti G.Mayer F.Paoletti)

19. ILIAS Annual Meeting - Chambery, Feb. 27th, 2007 G.Losurdo – INFN Firenze 19/19 Conclusion The networking activity N5-WG1 is having a real impact on the commissioning of Virgo and GEO600 WG1: intense activity linked to the commissioning of Virgo and GEO –Frequent face-to-face meetings –Parallel projects on defined topics –Joint noise hunting effort Today: a real collaboration among a group of young physicists has been established Tomorrow: the grown-up WG1 fellows may continue to collaborate and lead the effort for a new EUROPEAN detector

20. Spare slides

21. ILIAS Annual Meeting - Chambery, Feb. 27th, 2007 G.Losurdo – INFN Firenze 21/19 WG1: 4-years execution plan Annual report Recommandations report for short term improvements GEO/Virgo joint noise characterization YEAR 4 07-08 Annual report GEO/Virgo joint noise characterization Implementation of common characterization algorithms YEAR 3 06-07 Annual report Recommandations report for short term improvements GEO/Virgo joint noise characterization Development of common characterization algorithms YEAR 2 05-06 Annual report Working group set-up GEO/Virgo noise sources comparison YEAR 1 04-05 DELIVERABLESMILESTONES

22. ILIAS Annual Meeting - Chambery, Feb. 27th, 2007 G.Losurdo – INFN Firenze 22/19 The beam centering project  Centering of beam used for wavefront sensing on the quadrants is essential for the robustness of the alignment system  Virgo quadrants are centered with a low bandwidth (<0.3 Hz) control –Not enough to reduce rms considerably –Noisy system  GEO uses a commercial galvanometer scanner with custom mechanics and electronics.  Succesfully tested on Virgo: very good suppression of beam fluctuations Galvo off Galvo on R.De Rosa, L. Di Fiore, H.Grote, H.Heitmann, J.Marque,

23. ILIAS Annual Meeting - Chambery, Feb. 27th, 2007 G.Losurdo – INFN Firenze 23/19 The alignment optimization project  Sensing matrix optimization –Use the distribution of the matrix’ row vectors in the system's parameter space. Compute the separation of the diode signals in the space of the mirror angular movements.  Controllability: –Study of the dependence of the controllability of a simple system (a FP cavity using the Ward and the Anderson technique) on the parameters of the optical readout in order to validate and check the performance the chosen test method  Alignment noise propagation in Virgo under study VIRGO configuration : Result of the study on the controllability on a complex configuration as the VIRGO alignment system. The minimum separation between the 'best' sub-set of signal vectors is shown as a function of Gouy and demodulation phase (for the NE diodes). The chosen alignment control system can thus control all the required degrees of freedom and it can improved by tuning the parameters of the optical readouts. A.Freise, M.Mantovani

24. ILIAS Annual Meeting - Chambery, Feb. 27th, 2007 G.Losurdo – INFN Firenze 24/19 LIGO Commissioning started in 1999. Design sensitivity achieved. Detector technology demonstrated Commissioning started in 1999. Design sensitivity achieved. Detector technology demonstrated Long commissioning needed Challenging… but feasible

25. ILIAS Annual Meeting - Chambery, Feb. 27th, 2007 G.Losurdo – INFN Firenze 25/19 Virgo, GEO, LIGOs