1. Participants were recruited from 6 drug free, psychosocial treatment (PT) and 5 methadone maintenance (MM) programs (N = 628) participating in a NIDA Clinical Trials Network (CTN) randomized clinical trial (RCT) of an employment intervention. All subjects completed Addiction Severity Index (Lite) as part of baseline. Males and females with and without physical and sexual abuse (lifetime) were compared on a variety of medical & psychiatric measures with chi-square analyses. Inclusion criteria: - 18 years of age or older - Met DSM-IV criteria for Substance Abuse/Dependence (lifetime) - Reported unemployment or < 20 hrs work in any week of prior month - Completed at least 30 days of treatment at baseline assessment Introduction Reported Lifetime Abuse References Acknowledgements Method Substance Use Disorders (N = 628) Discussion Unemployment is a chronic problem in drug dependent individuals. 1,2,3 Job Seekers’ Workshop (JSW) program was developed specifically for drug dependent individuals and has demonstrated efficacy across several well-designed studies 1,2,3 Through the NIDA CTN, the efficacy of JSW was studied in a much larger and more heterogeneous sample of drug dependent individuals. Since rates of physical and sexual abuse in persons with Substance Use Disorders (SUD) vary greatly across studies, this study offers a large, relevant sample to examine. 1 Hall, SM, Loeb, P, Coyne, K, et al. (1981). Increasing employment in ex-heroin addicts I: Criminal justice sample. Behavior Therapy, 12, 443-452. 2 Hall, SM, Loeb, P, LeVois, M, et al. (1981). Increasing employment in ex-heroin addicts II: Methadone maintenance sample. Behavior Therapy, 12, 453-460. 3 Hall, SM, Loeb, P, and Norton, J. (1977). Improving vocational placement in drug treatment clients: A pilot study. Addictive Behaviors, 2, 227-234. This research was supported by a grant from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) Clinical Trials Network (CTN) (Mid-Atlantic Node). Purpose Demographics (N = 628) Inclusion Criteria To examine prevalence rates in a diverse sample of men and women with SUDs and their medical/psychiatric correlates with the goal of informing clinical practice. Gender Differences in Physical/Sexual Abuse in Outpatients with SUDs: Correlates with Medical and Psychiatric Symptoms L. Islam 1, A. Sepulveda 1, A. Alvanzo 2, L. Keyser-Marcus 1, T. Reickman 3, M. Stitzer 2, and D. Svikis 1 1 Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA; 2 Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; 3 Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR Women with SUDs report physical and sexual abuse at rates double those of men with SUDs. History of physical and sexual abuse was associated with increased rates of depression and trouble controlling violence in both genders. Men with physical abuse were more likely to present for treatment with a chronic medical problem. The constellation of problems suggests both men and women with histories of abuse would benefit from psychiatric evaluation and ancillary intervention services. Variable PT (N=327) MM (N=301) p-value Gender (% female) 46.260.80.01 Race (% white) 54.725.90.01 Age (mean yrs) 38.843.70.01 Disability (%) 8.623.30.01 Variable PT (N=327) MM (N=301) p-value Alcohol 83.854.50.01 Marijuana 64.541.20.01 Stimulants 33.010.30.01 Opiates 39.596.40.01 Statistical Summary Women reported higher rates of physical (60.9%) and sexual (47.9%) abuse (lifetime) than men (24.7% and 12.5%, respectively, both p<.001). Men and women with physical abuse were more likely to report recent depression (.008<p<.001); lifetime depression (.002<p<.001) and trouble controlling violent behavior (lifetime) (p<.001). Men with physical abuse were more likely to report chronic medical problems (73%) than men without abuse (51%) (p<.001). Chronic medical problem rates were comparable for women with and without abuse. Similar patterns were seen for men and women with and without a sexual abuse history. Those with sexual abuse reported higher rates of recent and lifetime depression and trouble controlling violence (lifetime). Rates of chronic medical problems were comparable for all groups. Chronic Medical Problems