1. BASIC ELECTRICITY CHAPTER 1 ATOMIC STRUCTURE

3. TERMS TO KNOW w ALTERNATING CURRENT(AC) w ATOM w ATTRACTION w CENTRIFUGAL FORCE w CONDUCTORS w DIRECT CURRENT (DC) w ELECTRON w ELECTRON ORBITS w INSULATORS w MATTER w NEGATIVE w NEUTRON w NUCLEUS w POSITIVE w PROTON w SEMICONDUCTORS w VALENCE ELECTRONS

4. HISTORY OF ELECTRICITY w GREEKS DISCOVERED 2500 YEARS AGO w USED PRACTICALLY ABOUT 100 YEARS w AMBER BECAME CHARGED WHEN RUBBED WITH OTHER MATERIALS: ATTRACTED THINGS LIKE LEAVES, FEATHERS, BITS OF CLOTH w THE WORD ELECTRIC COMES FROM THE WORD “ELEKTRON”

5. LIST A: POSITIVE LIST B: NEGATIVE

6. STUDY OF ATOMS w ATOM IS THE BUILDING BLOCK OF UNIVERSE w ALL MATTER IS MADE FROM A COMBINATION OF ATOMS w MATTER IS ANY SUBSTANCE THAT HAS MASS AND TAKES UP SPACE w MATTER CAN EXIST IN THREE FORMS: SOLID, LIQUID, OR GAS w ELEMENT: CAN’T BE DIVIDED INTO A SIMPLER SUBSTANCE

7. STUDY OF ATOMS THREE STATES OF WATER

8. THREE PARTS OF AN ATOM: 1.ELECTRON 2. PROTON 3.NEUTRON NUCLEUS: PROTON AND NEUTRON NOTICE THE CHARGES OF EACH PART

10. PROTON=POSITIVE CHARGE ELECTRON=NEGATIVE CHARGE

11. LAW OF CHARGES…. Opposite charges attract and like charges repel

14. VALENCE ELECTRONS w OUTER SHELL OF ATOM IS KNOWN AS “VALENCE SHELL” w ELECTRONS LOCATED IN OUTER SHELL ARE “VALENCE ELECTRONS” w THE VALENCE SHELL CAN’T HOLD MORE THAN 8 ELECTRONS

15. COPPER: GOOD CONDUCTOR BECAUSE OF ONLY ONE VALENCE ELECTRON

16. CURRENT FLOW HAPPENS WHEN ELECTRONS MOVE FROM ATOM TO ATOM.

18. INSULATORS: HAVE 7 OR 8 ELECTRONS IN VALENCE SHELL SEMICONDUCTORS: HAVE 4 ELECRONS IN VALENCE SHELL

19. CONDUCTORS w THEY HAVE ONLY 1 OR 2 VALENCE ELECTRONS: w THEY GIVE UP THOSE ELECTRONS EASILY WITH LITTLE EFFORT w THEY ALLOW CURRENT FLOW EASILY: LOW RESISTANCE!!!!!!

20. EXAMPLES OF GOOD CONDUCTORS w SILVER: 1 VALENCE ELECTRON w COPPER: 1 VALENCE ELECTRON w GOLD: 1 VALENCE ELECTRON w ALUMINUM: 3 VALENCE ELECTRON w PLATINUM: 1 VALENCE ELECTRON

21. INSULATORS w MATERIALS THAT HAVE 7 OR 8 VALENCE ELECTRONS w RESIST FLOW OF ELECTRICITY w ELECTRONS ARE HELD TIGHTLY AND ARE NOT GIVEN UP EASILY

22. EXAMPLES OF INSULATORS w RUBBER w PLASTIC w GLASS w WOOD

23. SEMICONDUCTORS w MATERIALS THAT HAVE 4 VALENCE ELECTRONS w ARE NEITHER GOOD FOR CONDUCTORS OR INSULATORS w USED TO MAKE DIODES AND TRANSISTORS w COMPUTORS w COMPUTORS ARE FULL OF SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIAL w SILICON AND GERMANIUM MOST COMMON USED

24. METHODS OF PRODUCING ELECTRICITY w MAGNETISM=GENERATOR w CHEMICAL=BATTERY w PRESSURE=PIEZO SENSORS w HEAT=THERMOCOUPLES w FRICTION=STATIC w LIGHT=PHOTO ELECTRIC

25. REVIEW….. w OPEN THE BOOKS TO SUMMARY AT END OF CHAPTER. w DO THE REVIEW QUESTIONS IN CLASS.