1. Note Final Exam-please check final schedule Final exam- please take advantage of the full 3 hours and do not hesitate to ask for clarification Notes on internet are not a complete transcript

2. Note Nutrition 2106-Principles of Nutrition in Metabolism-Winter 2016 Nutrition 2104-Introduction to Nutrition Fall 2015 Nutrition 2107-Introduction to Sports Nutrition- Winter 2016

3. Lecture 29- 20 March 2015 Minor Minerals

4. Lists of sources, functions, deficiencies and toxicities are not complete

5. Iron Functions-oxygen transport (muscle and blood), part of enzyme function Sources-red meats, beef liver, fortified cereals and bread Deficiencies-lower immunity, weakness Toxicities-greater risk of infection, organ damage

6. Zinc Functions-tissue growth and wound healing, part of many enzyme functions, vitamin A transport Sources-meat, poultry, fish, eggs, whole grains, milk Deficiencies-abnormal glucose tolerance, impaired wound healing, night blindness Toxicities-anemia, elevated LDL-c and lowered HDL-c, impaired calcium absorption

7. Iodine Functions-part of hormones that regulate growth, development and metabolic rate Sources- iodised salt, seafood, bread Deficiencies-weight gain, lethargy Toxicities-enlarged thyroid gland

8. Selenium Functions-works as an antioxidant with vitamin E Sources-grains grown on selenium rich soil, seafood, liver, kidney Deficiencies-atherosclerosis Toxicities-nausea, vomiting, nerve damage

9. Copper Functions-production of haemoglobin, component of several enzymes, energy metabolism Sources-organ meats, seafood, nuts, seeds Deficiencies-rare- anemia Toxicities-vomiting, diarrhea

10. Manganese Functions-component of enzymes involved in fat synthesis, growth, reproduction and blood clotting Sources-widely distributed in foods, best sources are whole grains, tea, pineapple, and strawberries Deficiencies-rare Toxicities-rare-nervous system disorders

11. Fluoride Functions-formation of tooth enamel, prevention of dental decay, bone formation Sources-fluoridated water and tea Deficiencies-dental decay, increased risk of osteoporosis Toxicities-mottling of teeth, nausea, vomiting

13. Chromium Functions-assists in insulin function Sources-meat, whole grains, nuts, cheese Deficiencies-insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance Toxicities-dietary toxicity unknown, occupationally chromium dust damages liver and kidneys

14. Molybdenum Functions-component of many enzymes, works with riboflavin to incorporate iron into hemoglobin Sources-milk, legumes, bread, milk, grains Deficiencies-unknown Toxicities-occupational exposures causes gout- elevated uric acid in blood-cause arthritis