1. Introduction to Biology SC Standard B-O

2. Introduction to Biology 0.1 Properties of living things0.1 Properties of living things 0.2 Scientific method0.2 Scientific method 0.3 Kingdoms0.3 Kingdoms 0.4 Viruses0.4 Viruses 0.5 Requirements for life0.5 Requirements for life

3. What is Science? Science is an organized method of using evidence to propose explanations for events in the natural world. Science is both: –Process of gaining knowledge –The resulting body of knowledge

4. Careers Related to Science What are some careers that may require a knowledge of science? Botany – study of plants Zoology – study of animals Genetics – how traits are passed from one generation to the next Anatomy – the structures of living things

5. Careers Related to Science What are some careers that may require a knowledge of science? Taxonomy – how living things can be organized Ecology – how living things interact with one another and with their environments Microbiology – living things too small to be seen with the unaided eye Medicine – diagnosing, treating, and preventing disease

6. B-0.2. Overview of Scientific Method The scientific method is what scientists use to solve problems. The five steps are: 1.State the Problem 2.Hypothesis 3.Experiment 4.Gather Data 5.Draw a Conclusion

7. Experiments All experiments involve VARIABLES- which are factors that can vary or change. What is a controlled experiment? (p. 8) What is an independent variable? What is a dependent variable? What is the control group? What is the experimental group?

8. GRAPHING DATA Independent variable goes on the X axis Dependent variable goes on the Y asis Over time, height increases

9. GRAPHING DATA What does this graph tell us? Which is the dependent variable?

10. GRAPHING DATA What does this graph tell us? Which is the independent variable?

11. ETHICS The study of standards for what is right and what is wrong

12. QUALITATIVE OR QUANTATIVE Qualitative  Deals with descriptions. Data can be observed but not measured. Colors, textures, smells, tastes, appearance, beauty, etc. Qualitative → Quality

13. QUALITATIVE OR QUANTATIVE Example 1  Oil Painting Qualitative data: blue/green color, gold frame smells old and musty texture shows brush strokes of oil paint peaceful scene of the country masterful brush strokes

14. QUALITATIVE OR QUANTATIVE Example 2  Latte Qualitative data: robust aroma frothy appearance strong taste burgundy cup

15. QUALITATIVE OR QUANTATIVE Example 3  Junior Class Qualitative data: friendly demeanors civic minded environmentalists positive school spirit

16. QUALITATIVE OR QUANTATIVE Quantitative  Deals with numbers. Data which can be measured. Length, height, area, volume, weight, speed, time, temperature, humidity, sound levels, cost, members, ages, etc. Quantitative → Quantity

17. QUALITATIVE OR QUANTATIVE Example 1  Oil Painting Quantitative data: picture is 10" by 14" with frame 14" by 18" weighs 8.5 pounds surface area of painting is 140 sq. in. cost $300

18. QUALITATIVE OR QUANTATIVE Example 2  Latte Quantitative data: 12 ounces of latte serving temperature 150º F. serving cup 7 inches in height cost $4.95

19. QUALITATIVE OR QUANTATIVE Example 3  Junior Class Quantitative data: 672 students 394 girls, 278 boys 68% on honor roll 150 students applied biology

20. B-0.1. Properties of living Things All living things have ALL of these characteristics: All living things are MADE OF CELLS All living things RESPOND All living things ADAPT All living things REPRODUCE All living things GROW and DEVELOP

21. B-0.3. Kingdoms There are Six Kingdoms of Living things. Kingdom Eubacteria Kingdom Archaebacteria Kingdom Protista Kingdom Fungi Kingdom Plantae –autotrophs (make their own food by photosynthesis) Kingdom Animalia –heterotrophs (must eat food)

22. Divisions of Classification There are Seven Divisions of Classification (general to most specific) Kingdom (most inclusive) Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species (most exclusive)

23. B-0.4. Viruses VirusesViruses are subcellular. They are not alive, but have the ability to take over a living cell and control it. When this occurs, the original cell can be damaged or destroyed.

24. B-0.5. Requirements for life All living things have specific needs for maintaining life. What are some things that you MUST have to live? What is the difference in something we need vs. we want? We will study these in depth throughout the course.

25. Review Introduction to Biology 0.1 Properties of living things 0.2 Scientific method 0.3 Kingdoms 0.4 Viruses 0.5 Requirements for life