1. Alien and Invasive Species Regulations National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act (2004) Presentation to Southern Cape AIS Forum 24 June, 2015 Kay Montgomery – Biosecurity Advocacy Programme Multi-stakeholder Forums

2. 2015 Invasive Species Certification Training One day training courses - to become a certified Invasive Species Consultant – were held in: * Cape Town * Johannesburg * Durban * Pretoria * Mbombela * Bloemfontein South African Green Industry Council

3. 2015 Invasive Species Certification Training South African Green Industry Council www.sagic.co.za www.invasives.org.za

4. Coordination at provincial level Funders SANBI Implementing Agents Working groups Stakeholders Private Public Pet trade Nursery Stakeholders Private Public Pet trade Nursery Invasive Species Forums Municipalities How will the Invasive Species Forums work?

5. The DRAFT National Famine Weed (Parthenium hysterophorus) Strategy & Implementation Plan By Colette Terblanche

6. National Famine Weed Priority Areas

7. Mpumalanga Famine Awareness Plan – 2015-2016

8. Finding the funds to effectively control famine weed By Colette Terblanche National Famine Weed Workshop – 29 July 2014 Mpumalanga 15 min

9. A new weed risk assessment for aquatic plants in South Africa Jaqualine Tshidada, Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Prof Dirk U. Bellstedt, University of Stellenbosch

10. Criteria for a new draft scientific aquatic weed risk assessment for South Africa: 1.Growth rate 2.Growth form 3.Temperature range 4.Biodiversity threat 5.Robustness 6.Water condition requirements 7. Weediness All factors to contribute to a final “Potential invasive score” which will decide acceptability or rejection

11. Catalysing new rural economies in South Africa by restoring ecosystems. Dr Anthony Mills Department of Soil Science, Stellenbosch University 10 May 2011 An example from the Eastern Cape involving spekboom, carbon and jobs.

12. 200 tons t C ha -1 110 tons t C ha -1 Research on ecosystem carbon stocks conducted World Bank funded project implemented by SANBI Mills & Fey 2004. Plant and Soil. Mills et al. 2005a&b. South African Journal of Plant and Soil. 2 publications. Mills et al. 2005c. Austral Ecology 110 t C ha -1 200 t C ha -1

13. Thicket restoration project. R6 million per annum. Aim: catalyse large-scale restoration in private sector.

14. The journey: restoring natural capital and generating meaningful benefits for society at large. Start Finish

15. Agricultural Research Council – Plant Protection Research Institute, Weeds Research Programme, 1 Private Bag X6006, Hilton 3245 2 Private Bag X 5017, Stellenbosch, 7599 E-mail: StrathieL@arc.agric.za Lorraine Strathie 1 Andrew McConnachie 1 Estianne Retief 2 Jeremy Goodall 1

16. Wash-down facilities (seed removal from vehicles) Reduces seed dispersal (1100 parthenium seeds of 70000 total viable seeds / t sludge removed from vehicles (3 days, 5 sites, Australia)

17. Entry points Vehicles/machinery before use elsewhere Chemically control wash-down site

18. Listronotus setosipennis stem-borer Epiblema strenuana stem-galler Conotrachelus albocinereus stem-galler Carmenta nr. ithacae stem-borer Puccinia abrupta var. partheniicola winter rust Puccinia xanthii var. parthenii-hysterophorae summer rust Biological control Smicronyx lutulentus seed-feeder Zygogramma bicolorata leaf-feeder A suite of natural enemies is required for effective biocontrol of parthenium under various environmental conditions and in different regions

19. Damage to parthenium by biocontrol agents

20. 13 August 2014 By: Z. Jele Invasive Alien Species Programme Ezemvelo

21. VISION OF IAS PROGRAMME All PAs & priority areas at maintenance level, at the same time providing economic benefits to communities surrounding the park

22. CLEARING 2011/20122012/20132013/2014 No of jobs224027272496 Person days143030163172 167130 Hectares93667105539 116519 Amount spentR 29,407,391.19R 30,462,396.31R 30,477,845.47

23. CLEARING (2013-2014) DistrictNo of jobsBudget spent Ugu344R2,949,439 DBN Metro113R2,282,917 Ilembe84R593,353 Uthungulu261R1,979,503 Umkhanyakude726R14,207,654 Amajuba16R138,593 Uthukela227R1,405,616 Umgungundlovu242R2,689,815 Sisonke258R1,424,666 Zululand225R1,586,375 Co-ordination R1,219,914

24. Budget spent district municipality

31. CLEARING Ndumo Before After

32. CLEARING Venon Crookes Before After Midmar

33. 2014-2015 Budget increased to R 35,000,000 Focus on more structured training EPWP Phase 3 Parthenium funding of R 2,500,000

34. 2014-2015 (Beneficiaries) Old targets: – 55% women – 40% youth – 2% disabled 2078 PHASE 3 (2014-2015) -55 % women (1143) -55 % youth (1143) -2 % disabled (42) Planned

35. STAFF

36. Herbicide Assistance Programme in Munyawana Game Reserve – A case study March 2014

37. Introduction Phinda Private Game Reserve (now part of Munyawana Game Reserve) has had a successful alien plant control program in place since 2003. This presentation will briefly outline the project; explaining what has worked and what hasn’t, and how having this program already in place has positively impacted on our parthenium problem.

38. Location

39. Phinda History Historically agricultural land -Cattle -Cotton -Pineapples -Hunting

40. Munyawana Game Reserve 23 347 ha &Beyond Phinda – 65.1% Zuka Private Game Reserve – 28.4% SKS Estates – 6.5%

41. History of the Project… Alien plant eradication project 2003 – present IASP: 2007 Species: Chromolena odorata Parthenium sp. Opuntia spp. Senna pendula Guava passidium Solanum Cereus jamacaru Reasons: Tourism – impact on game viewing Carrying capacity Biodiversity Prevent unnaturally high fuel loads for unnaturally hot fires

42. Summary of methods tried on Phinda Mechanical Bulldozer Hand pull Chemical Foliar Cut stump Fire Used in conjunction with foliar

43. Current Methods Early detection All alien plants reported to management Routine checks on infected areas In-field techniques Foliar spraying Cut stump Community Employment Mkhasa & Mnqobokazi Contractors

44. Current status of Parthenium spp. First detected 2009 Parthenium spp. distribution minimal Benefits of having a pre- existing alien plant control program: Early detection Methods tried and tested Contractors and staff processes already in place Potential causes at Phinda: Gabions Game Capture Boundaries Roads Grass Cutting

45. Achievements to date Phinda (2003 – date): R3 256 000 has been spent on community contracts Since IASP involvement (2007 – date): 17067 man days by community members 17283.9 ha have been cleared 4646.45 l of herbicide used 384 560.7 l of water used Total Herbicide (liters)Total StaffTotal Area (Ha) BrowserGarlonPlenumActipronBlue DyeRed DyeTriclonNo of pplDaysMan daysCut StumpFolierTotal 367.85725.3632.452053.95101.163.5702.31463563170675846.211437.717283.9

46. Thank You