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Industrialization and the Gilded Age of Politics
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I. Industrialization 1.Industrialization 2.Urbanization 3.Immigration
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II. Technology 1.Edison 2.Ford
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Technology (cont’d) 3.Other inventions 1.Refrigeration
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III. Labor 1.Work like robots. 2.Employers take control 3.Women and kids 4.Unsafe 5.No benefits
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6. Strikes!—Great RR Strike of 1877
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IV. Unions 1.Better pay, conditions, hours 2.Knights of Labor 1.Blacks 2.Immigrants 3.Women 4.Skilled/Unskilled 3.Too general
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Unions (cont’d) 4.Haymarket Riot 1886 5.American Federation of Labor (AFL) 6.Skilled; org. by craft 7.No women, blacks, Immigrants, unskilled
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V. Women, Blacks, Immigrants 1.Women’s Trade Union League 2.Knights of Labor only all inclusive union
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VI. Corporate Giants 1.Supreme Court defends corporations as “citizens”!! 2.John D. Rockefeller 3.Horizontal Integration—One aspect of production 4.Monopoly
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Corporate Giants (cont’d) 5.Andrew Carnegie 6.Vertical Integration—all aspects of an industry 7.U.S. Steel Corp. 8.JP Morgan 9.Financed such corporations
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VII. Social Views 1.Darwin’s theory of “natural selection” is applied to humans Social Darwinism 2.Survival of the fittest 3.Competition is good! 4.Wealthy used this as justification for their wealth
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Social Views (cont’d) 5. Gospel of Wealth—Andrew Carnegie 6.Pursuit of wealth like a religion 7.Wealth means responsibility to give to the poor. 8.Money/Wealth is how success was measured 9.Many disagreed, of course
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Social Views (cont’d) 10. Poor were viewed negatively 11. “You get what you deserve!”
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VIII. Increase in Standard of Living 1.Mass goods 2.Mass ads 3.Luxury items 4.Rising incomes status symbols
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Increase in Standard of Living (cont’d) 5.More Leisure Time! The Great Frysinger Team 1900-1901
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Vaudville Forerunner to film
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Yellow Journalism
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IX. Urbanization 1.1880—U.S. Urban 2.Many moved to city better life opportunity 3.Natural resources+RR+Industrialization=Urban growth 4.Suburbs for the wealthy 5.Indoor plumbing, street lights, sewers, etc.
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Urbanization (cont’d) 6. Inner cities= slums
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7.Dumbbell Tenements 8.Cheap brick 9.4-6 stories 10.Very small 11.No water, no RR 12. RR in basement for whole building!!
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