1. Fiber Optics and Atmospheric Monitoring Matthew J. Parker Savannah River Technology Center Westinghouse Savannah River Company Aiken, South Carolina and Carvel E. Holton Virginia Polytechnic and State University Blacksburg, Virginia

2. Outline BackgroundSensors Design applications - Industrial - Atmospheric turbulence System Integration Cost-Effectiveness/Potential Improvements UPDATE

3. Background Optical technology benefits - - No RFI/lightning Environmental Sensors- - Met and air pollution Developments in Communications Industry - - Benefits Combine optical sensors - - Complete system (ref. Holton and Parker, 1999 SPIE)

4. Sensors Conventional cup and vane Conventional cup and vane Fiber lidar Fiber lidar Temperature/  T Temperature/  T Relative humidity Relative humidity Barometric pressure Barometric pressure Visibility Visibility Total precipitation Total precipitation Chemical/particulate/hazards/electro- magnetic/ corrosion/spectra/etc. Chemical/particulate/hazards/electro- magnetic/ corrosion/spectra/etc.

5. Design Applications Industrial Application -- Routine monitoring -- Meteorological -- Air quality Atmospheric Turbulence -- Research/Experiments

6. Industrial Monitoring System

7. Atmospheric Turbulence VariableSensor / Response Time Wind speedFiber lidar / 0.001s (OSA, 1995) Wind directionFiber lidar / 0.001s (OSA, 1995) TemperatureBragg-grating / 0.01s (Bhatia, et. al, 1996 and Kersey, 1995) RelativeCoated fiber / 0.1s (Arregui, et al, 1999) humidity Barometricdiaphragm / 0.01s (Xiao, et. al, 1995) pressure

8. System Integration Multiplexed optical signals over single (or limited) fibers Connectors used for quick sensor change-out

9. Cost-Effectiveness and Potential Improvements Fiber optic components developed for telecommunications industry Fiber sensors less prone to wear (non- mechanical) Costs driven lower with inexpensive sensors

10. CONCLUSION An optical atmospheric monitoring system can become a reality with today’s technology!...

11. UPDATE!!! SBIR Phase II between VaTech and Yankee Environmental Systems PRODUCTS: Fiber Lidar & RH Sensor

12. Fiber Lidar Data--Smoke

13. Fiber Lidar Data--Clouds

14. Fiber RH Sensor