1. Audience Analysis & Usability

2. The Writing Process Focusing and Planning Drafting Assessing & Evaluating Assessing & Editing Publishing and Evaluating Invention Arrangement & Style Memory & Delivery

3. What do we do in (print) audience analysis? Identify potential readers & their purposes/ motives for reading a text Adapt content to their needs & knowledge Generally take memory, delivery, arrange- ment for granted

4. What happens when audience analysis meets new media? Forced to consider the affordances of delivery form Encouraged to take into account haptic features Best success comes from translating audience analysis strategies to new applications: User- Centered Design (UCD)

5. What is user-centered design (UCD)? Based on international standard for human- centered design (ISO 13407) Analyzes contexts and content requirements Drafts and revises potential solutions Assesses effectiveness of solutions

6. UCD is recursive and involves revision system satisfies specified reqs. Specify context for use Specify Require ments Produce Design Solutions Evaluate Designs Identify user needs until

7. Defining Characteristics Audience Demographics Environments Educational Social Cultural EmotionsValues Technology Access Expertise Comfort

8. Meet with key stakeholders to set vision Include usability tasks in the project plan Assemble a multidisciplinary team to ensure complete expertise Develop usability goals and objectives Look at competitive products (sites) Create user profiles Develop a problem statement and audience analysis Determine user performance requirements Audience and Purpose: Analysis Phase

9. Begin to brainstorm design concepts and metaphors Develop screen flow and navigation model (site map) Begin drafting with paper and pencil Create low-tech prototypes Conduct usability testing on low-tech prototypes Flesh out design and content in working drafts Do usability testing again Check against purpose, needs, and constraints Drafting: The Design Phase

10. Do ongoing evaluations Work closely with team as design is implemented Conduct usability testing as soon as possible Revise as needed Revising and Executing: The Implementation Phase