1. Chapter One Some Raw Basics of Networking

2. Objectives Introduce some basic concepts Learn some new vocabulary Get our first glimpse of some networking hardware Be introduced to the concept of topology Learn about some protocols

3. Reasons to Set Up a Network Communications Sharing files and peripherals Security Software management

4. Some Basic Networking Hardware Transceivers Repeaters Hubs –Passive –Active Switches Bridges Routers

5. What is a network? Any two devices that can interconnect make up a basic network. Local area networks (LAN) serve a contained geographic location. Wide area networks (WAN) interconnect multiple LANs over a dispersed geographic range.

6. The Basic Components of Infrastructure Media –Bounded –Unbounded Topology Protocols Standards

7. Bounded Media Twisted pair Coaxial Fiber optics

8. Unbounded Media Infrared Radio Laser Microwave

9. Twisted Pair Shielded twisted pair (STP) Unshielded twisted pair (UTP) Rated by category Terminated by RG-45 connectors Generally limited to 100M runs

10. Coaxial Thinnet –RG-58 –Good for 180M runs –Limited to 10Mb/s bandwidth –Terminated by BNC connectors Thicknet –RG-8 –Good for 500M runs –10Mb/s bandwidth –Uses vampire clamps

11. Fiber Optics A wide variety of connectors Runs of 2KM to much, much longer distances Speeds of 100Mb/s to several Gb/s

12. Network Topologies Bus Ring Star Hybrid Mesh

13. Bus Networks They generally use coaxial cable (obsolete). Computers hook up in single file. Each end of the line must be terminated. If one computer goes down unexpectedly, the entire network can be brought down.

14. Ring Networks While generally set up in a virtual circle, a device called a multi-station access unit (MAU) puts the network into a physical star. –Token ring and FDDI are two types of networks that use the ring topology.

15. Star Networks Patch cords hook up the devices into a central hub or switch. –Provides centralized management –Facilitates managing connections It is the primary topology used by Ethernet.

16. Hybrid Networks Interconnects multiple topologies into a single network –Three rings might be hooked together in a bus Can be a solution to large networks spread across multiple floors in a building

17. Mesh Networks Each device has a direct connection to every other device on the network. They are used to interconnect multiple servers in a cluster. The internal wiring of a router is basically a mesh network.

18. The 802 Committees (1 of 4) They were created in February of 1980 (hence the 802). Each committee is assigned oversight of a specific networking technology. Not all 802 Committees are currently active.

19. 802.0SEC 802.1 High Level Interface (HILI) Working Group (frequently called the Internetworking Standards) 802.2Logical Link Control (LLC) Working Group 802.3 CSMA/CD Working Group (frequently called the Ethernet Standards) 802.4Token Bus Working Group (currently on permanent hiatus) 802.5Token Ring Working Group (currently on permanent hiatus) The 802 Committees (2 of 4)

20. 802.6Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) Working Group (currently on permanent hiatus) 802.7 Broadband Technical Adv. Group (BBTAG) 802.8Fiber Optics Technical Adv. Group (FOTAG) (permanently disbanded) 802.9Integrated Services LAN (ISLAN) Working Group (currently on permanent hiatus) 802.10 Standard for Interoperable LAN Security (SILS) Working Group The 802 Committees (3 of 4)

21. 802.11Wireless LAN (WLAN) Working Group 802.12 Demand Priority Working Group (currently on permanent hiatus) 802.14 Cable-TV Based Broadband Communication Network Working Group (permanently disbanded) 802.15Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) Working Group 802.16Broadband Wireless Access (BBWA) Working Group 802.17RPRSG Resilient Packet Ring Study Group (RPRSG) The 802 Committees (4 of 4)

22. The Hardware Protocols CSMA/CD –Ethernet –Carrier sense, multiple access/collision detection FDDI –Fiber distributed data interface –CDDI (copper DDI) A copper-based standard Token ring CSMA/CA –Carrier sense multiple access/collision avoidance