1. POWERS OF CONGRESS

2. Delegated Powers (again…)  Article I, Section 8: Powers delegated to Congress  Financing Government  Regulating and Encouraging American Trade/Industry  Defending the Country  Creating Lower Courts: National Court System  Providing for Growth

3. Financing Our Government  Borrowing Money  Collecting Taxes  Printing and Coining Money  Spending for Programs

4. Regulating Trade  Domestically  Trade between states (interstate commerce)  Laws to protect rights of inventors (patents, trademarks, copyrights, etc.)  Internationally  Tariffs and embargoes  Trade with foreign nations

5. Defending Our Country  Declaration of War  Only Congress can do this!  Have we had times when we fought without declaring war?  Maintaining armed forces, regulating use of troops  Approval of Treaties

6. Providing for Growth  Regulation of Immigration/Naturalization  Govern US territories, national parks, naval bases, etc.  Provide admission for new states  Acquire lands  War, eminent domain, treaties, purchase or gift, etc.

7. Implied Powers  The elastic clause  “make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers”  Stretches Congressional role to many other areas  Examples: Military academies and draft (necessary to ensure defense of US), minimum wage (regulation of commerce)

8. Impeachment  Impeachment: accuse an officeholder of misconduct  If guilty, they may be removed from office  Charges drawn up in House Majority votes in favor of charges, official is impeached Senate will then hear trial with vice president acting as the judge (exception: presidential impeachment, when the chief justice presides over hearing)  If 2/3 of Senate finds accused guilty, they may be dismissed from office

9. Special Powers by Chamber  House  Starts revenue bills  Impeach public officials  Chooses president if electoral majority not reached  Senate  Impeachment trials  Vice president if no VP candidate gets enough votes  Treaties approved with 2/3 vote  Supreme Court justices approved by majority vote

10. What Congress Can’t Do…  Infringe on Reserved Powers to States (10 th Amendment)  Regulate elections, create schools, establish marriage laws, etc.  No ex post facto laws (laws that apply to actions that occurred before laws were passed)  No bills of attainder (sentence people to prison without trial)  No taxing exports

11. What Congress Can’t Do…  No passing laws that violate Bill of Rights  No favoring trade of a specific state  No titles of nobility  No withdrawing of money without a law  No suspending write of habeas corpus (cannot remove right to a court order)