1. Aggression In Europe The rise of two Dictators Hitler and Mussolini

2. The Great Depression (1929) Begins on Tuesday October 29 th, 1929 in USA –stock market collapses U.S. economic collapse follows => unemployment reaches 25%! End Result: –European countries were just beginning to recover from WWI –The weak U.S. economy spread to the GLOBAL economy. –Japanese Economy begins to suffer –Germany became less stable

3. Food Lines & Hoovervilles

4. March Towards World War II 1918 1920 1922 1928 1931 1933 1939 Treaty of Versailles Hyperinflation Germany (1920-23) Weimar Republic Stalin rules USSR Great Depression Mussolini takes power ( 1922) Hitler writes Mein Kampf Hitler Becomes Chancellor Russian Revolution

5. The Great Depression helps Hitler gain power 1930- Nazi party gains 143 seats in Reichstag 1932- Nazi party is largest German political party Hitler joins the NAZI political party in 1920 (National Socialist German Worker’s Party)

6. March Towards World War II 1918 1920 1922 1928 1931 1933 1939 Treaty of Versailles Hyperinflation Germany (1920-23) Weimar Republic Stalin rules USSR Great Depression Mussolini takes power ( 1922) Hitler writes Mein Kampf Hitler Becomes Chancellor Russian Revolution

7. Adolf Hitler Chancellor of Germany 1933 Reading…. 5 Reasons Hitler Rose to Power

8. Hitler Establishes Power (1933) Demanded absolute power for 4 years Banned all other political parties SS or protection squad was created –Began to murder his enemies

9. Hitler uses Propaganda Turned press, radio, literature into propaganda tools Books were burned that did not conform to Nazi beliefs Churches forbidden to criticize the Gov’t

10. Mein Kampf Reading

11. Hitler Video

12. ITALY (in 1919) 1919 Many Economic problems –High unemployment, inflation –Italy disappointed/angry over World War I peace treaty Upper & Middle class feared a Communist Revolution –Russian Revolution had inspired some socialist revolutionaries Benito Mussolini founded Fascist Party –Government was a constitutional monarchy –Mussolini argued for new Government

13. Mussolini’s Black Shirts

14. Mussolini “IL Duce” Mussolini takes power legally in 1922 –King & Parliament granted dictatorial rule for one year Felt Democratic Government unable to deal with economic crisis Mussolini promised strong leadership & change –Outlawed elections & rival political parties

15. Benito Mussolini 1883-1945 Never had complete control like Hitler or Stalin

16. Fascism vs. Communism Both extreme forms of Nationalism –Required rule of one party Both used propaganda & secret police Fascism did not seek a classless society “Everything in the State, nothing outside the state, nothing against the state.” Mussolini 1926

17. COMMUNISM (Dictatorial Socialism) Political Freedom DEMOCRATIC CAPITALISM DEMOCRATIC SOCIALISM FASCISM (Dictatorial Capitalism) Political Control Economic Control Economic Freedom ------------------------------------------------- ---------------------

18. What is Fascism Primary Source written 1932