1. Cladograms cont’d Using morphology, DNA or amino acid sequences

2. Morphology

3. Cladograms from DNA/AA sequence DNA sequence can be used to determine evolutionary relationship More similarities = closely related (usually) More differences = distantly related Amino acids can be used the same way To use these methods you must choose SHARED GENES (common to all organisms involved)

4. Cladograms from DNA sequence

9. One more time: make your own cladogram Rules Use one type of organism (eg. Animals, plants, bacteria, fungi, etc.) Choose at least 6 different species (eg. Lion, armadillo, human, dung beetle, etc.) Come up with your own morphological characteristic list (should have as many morphological characteristics as you have species)