1. announcements Literature search lab on Wednesday (focus on your project) Keep track of your searching to document on the search log…for each search instance: – what database you use – what subject terms you identify – what search strings you formulate – what results (# and how relevant) – if/how you modify your search Search template spreadsheet on website

2. today’s lineup… How do we measure impact in different contexts/fields? How do we rank people and things? How do we determine expertise? How do we traditionally look at “impact” in science and academic realms? (bibliometrics and citation analysis) Are traditional methods of measuring impact changing? If so, how? Evaluating information sources

3. how do we rank things & people?

4. Forbes Most Powerful People power over lots of people control large financial resources powerful in multiple spheres actively use their power

5. How do we traditionally look at “impact” in science and academic realms?

6. BIBLIOMETRICS Books Publications Bibliography Count Measurement Math / Statistical Analysis

7. 7 Alan Pritchard 1969 Coined the term "bibliometrics" "the application of mathematics and statistical methods to books and other media of communication“ Journal of Documentation (1969) 25(4):348-349

8. Journal of Mammalogy, Vol. 64, No. 3. (Aug., 1983), pp. 387-396.

9. CITEDCITING

12. seminal work

13. co-citation author institution topic country language journal these two articles are likely related

14. what is citation analysis? utilizes quantitative analysis and statistics to describe patterns of publication within a given field or body of literature

15. what do you do with citation analysis? researchers may use bibliometric methods of evaluation to determine the influence of a single writer, for example, or to describe the relationship between two or more writers or works – production and productivity – impact – co-publication patterns – connections between subject areas

16. useful to you…right now Articles that cite the article you found –some databases include info/links Google Scholar offers this feature

17. useful to you…right now Articles that cite the article you found –some databases include info/links Google Scholar offers this feature

18. useful to you…right now Articles that cite the article you found –some databases include info/links Google Scholar offers this feature

20. Institute for Scientific Information Building, Philadelphia Architect: Venturi, Scott Brown and Associates, Completed 1977 http://www.vsba.com/projects/fla_archive/190.html

21. JCR

22. Author Co-Citation Arts & Humanities Citation Index authors co-cited most often with…WHITMAN-W

23. 80’s

24. 90’s

25. 00’s

26. Science Citation Index

28. Social Sciences Citation Index

30. Scholarly communication process Traditional example

31. Scholarly communication process What’s captured traditionally

32. How is scholarly communication changing? Think of scholarly communication as continuous process instead of single product (journal publication). Capture significant changes/versions of a work. Include all criticisms and comments about work (all stages). Support normal scholarly discourse, including authors responses as well as others’ comments. Add reviewer’s quantitative rating of material to allow better filtering based on absolute quality metric during retrieval. Add machine (automated) reviews. Include other forms of information (audio, pictures, video, graphs, datasets, statistics)

33. Now scholars have the ability to share their research data in repositories on the Web. Information is expanding by orders of magnitude; ideas are being formulated through open-access blogs and social media sites such as Twitter. Editors [expert peer-reviewers] are no longer employed as proxy community assessors but are now represented by collective judgments of communities on the Web itself. -Benny

35. Provocative Questions for Discussion What/why do you (and scholars cite? What do you infer from a reference list? Are all citations equal?

36. points to take away Cite sources you use – Supports your case/research – Avoid plagiarism – Places your work within scholarly dialogue Use reference lists to find additional/relevant material Look for material that cites your source – will be more recent Web of Science can also be used as a regular lit database