1. Initial Steps in Program Development [Using problem defined in Ch. 1 of Stern & Stern]

2. Define the Problem word problem (pg 16 in Stern & Stern): A software developer in a large company is assigned the task of calculating and printing weekly wages or gross pay for all non-salaried personnel. look for key nouns and verbs: A software developer in a large company is assigned the task of calculating and printing weekly wages or gross pay for all non-salaried personnel.

3. IPO chart for key elements InputProcessOutput Non-salaried employee record - Calculate weekly wages - Print weekly wages (weekly wage report)

4. Expand IPO chart (add detail as you go) InputProcessOutput (employee record:) Emp-name Emp-hours Emp-rate - Calculate wages = emp-hours * emp-rate - Print wages: put emp-name, emp-hours, emp-rate, wages on output line (weekly wage report:) Standard format report Name-out Hours-out Rate-out Wages-out

5. Determine record layout (input) Input Record Layout (employee-record) Field nameSizeData typedecimals? Employee-name-in Hours-worked-in Hourly-rate-in 20 2 3 alphanumeric numeric -- 0 2

6. Determine record layout (output) Output Record Layout (print-rec) Field nameSizeData typedecimals? Name-out Hours-out Rate-out Weekly-wages-out 20 2 4 6 alphanumeric numeric -- 0 2 (formatted) Note: Filler spaces and titles have been ignored. Use a printer spacing chart next.

7. Expand into an algorithm …either pseudocode… Start Open files for input and output Dowhile there are records Read an employee-record (at end of file, set a flag) Not at end [Process employee record for wages] clear the output record move input fields to output fields calculate wages = hours-worked * hourly-rate move wages to output field write out record [ ] End-read End-do Close input and output files Stop

8. ...or a flowchart (see P0-structure.hierarchy.doc link from web page)