1. Nutrition

2. Food as Fuel Cells need energy to function. Nutrients from food are digested and circulated throughout the body. A nutrient is any substance that has a useful function in the body.

3. Classification of Food Organic or Inorganic. Macronutrients or Micronutrients.

4. Organic vs. Inorganic Organic: Produced by living organisms. –Carbohydrates, protein, fats and vitamins. Inorganic: From rocks, soil and seas. –Water and minerals.

5. Macronutrients vs. Micronutrients Macronutrients - Needed in large amounts. –Carbohydrates, proteins and fats. Micronutrients - Needed in small amounts. –Vitamins and minerals.

6. Carbohydrates Composed of carbon, hydrogen & oxygen. Major source of energy. Excess stored as glycogen or as fat. Cellulose (fibre) indigestible but important.

7. Fats Composed of carbon, hydrogen & oxygen. Concentrated source of energy. –2x the energy of carbs. Also used for insulation, forms cell membranes, protects vital organs & increases nerve transmission.

8. Fats Unsaturated fats: Liquid at room temperature. Saturated fats: Solid at room temperature.

9. Which Fat is Healthier?

10. Proteins Structure for skin, muscles & organs, bones. Also enzymes and hormones. Made of 20 amino acids. –8 are essential - get from diet.

11. Micronutrients Not an energy source Vitamins – Growth & muscle function. - Often act as coenzymes. Minerals – E.g., iron (blood) & calcium (bones)

12. Water Most abundant substance in body. 90% of blood plasma. Transports all nutrients. Forms extracellular fluid between cells. Regulates body temperature