2. Utopia leisure virtue framework feast surplus elect n. 乌托邦, 理想中的完美社会 n. 闲暇, 空闲 n. 优点, 长处 n. 构架, 结构 n. 盛宴, 宴会 n. 盈余, 剩余 vt. 选举, 推选 Words preview

3. merciful sow roundabout collision weed fountain paddle wag adj. 宽大的, 仁慈的 vt., vi. 播 ( 种 ) n. 环岛, 环形交叉路口 n. 相撞 n. 杂草, 野草 n. 喷泉, 喷水池 vi., vt. 涉水, 划水 vt. 摇摆, 摆动 Words preview

4. packet grocer rot league ministry poster skip n. 小包, 小盒 n. 食品杂货商 vt., vi. 腐烂 n. 联合会 n. 部 n. 海报 vt. 跳过 Words preview

5. show off knock into sb. 炫耀, 夸耀 撞上某人 Expressions preview

7. As far as you know, what is Utopia? Utopia is generally defined as a place of perfection. A Utopia is a perfect place where nothing bad happens.

8. Everlasting life; All good and no evil; All tangible and intangible needs and wants without any required effort to obtain them; A perfect balance between the individual and society; Complete knowledge. There are five basic elements to the most popular Utopia. These elements are:

9. 1. Look at the picture of the ideal society of Utopia. Guess the answers to some of these questions. ① Are there any differences between rich and poor people? ② What leisure activities are there? ③ How fair is the society? ④ What punishments are there?

11. Sir Thomas More, the writer of “Utopia”, born on 7 February, 1478 and died on 6 July, 1535, was an important politician.

12. 英国空想社会主义者莫尔在他写的《乌 托邦》一书中，描绘了一个他所憧憬的 美好社会，那里一切生产资料归全民所 有，生活用品按劳分配，人人从事生产 劳动，而且有充足的时间从事科学研究 和娱乐，那里没有酒店、妓院，也没有 堕落和罪恶。乌托邦用于比喻无法实现 的理想或空想的美好社会。

13. 《乌托邦》一书中的乌托邦地图

14. 2. Listen to Sir Thomas More’s story about Utopia. Check your answers to Exercise 1. Answers none 1. none going to lectures or playing clever games like chess 2. going to lectures or playing clever games like chess 3. (your own answers) be made into slaves 4. be made into slaves

15. 3. Listen to the story again and answer the questions. 1) What is Utopia like? Give some examples. It’s the most beautiful country in the world. For example, all the towns are the same and all the buildings are laid out in an ordered way.

16. 2) How do the people in Utopia usually spend their tome? People only have to work six hours a day. When they are not working, they go the lectures or play clever games.

17. 3) How are the Utopian society and families organised? Utopian society and families are well organised. There is a head of each family. There is a leader in each area of the town and each town has an elected leader. Each town has three representatives sent to the government.

18. 4) Are there any divorces in Utopia? What if some married people have affairs? Divorce is possible only when both the husband and wife want it. There are severe punishments for married people if they have affairs. They can be made slave.

19. 5) Does Utopia ever trade with other countries? Why / Why not? 6) Are there any wars in their country? Why? Utopia never trades with other countries because there is nothing that it needs. There is no war in Utopia, because the people there hate war.

20. Storyteller: I was away on business when I met this very interesting man. He had travelled for years and had had lots of strange adventures. Among them he had spent five years on the island of Utopia and he couldn’t stop talking about its virtues. I invited him to dinner and asked him to tell me all about it.

21. Man: Well, to start with, Utopia is the most beautiful country in the world. All the towns are the same you know, and all the buildings have the same framework, laid out in an ordered way. Every building has piped water and the houses are large with glass windows—just think of that! Well…there is no private ownership of houses or land in Utopia and various families live together in each of the large houses. Everybody wears the same kind of clothes and so there is no fashion. Nobody has any desire to show off and gold and silver have no value—unlike in our society.

22. Everything is well organized and people only have to work six hours a day. They usually have all of their meals in a large dining room, but can have them at home if they want to. The meals are usually feasts because there is such a surplus of good food. During meal times, people listen to music and have interesting discussions. When they are not working, people go to lectures or play clever games like chess. There’s no betting in Utopia — so that’s very different from our society isn’t it? You know, the people there take their pleasure from living a healthy and useful life.

23. In Utopia, families are well-organised. There is a head of each family, who is always the oldest male by the way. Husbands have authority over their wives and parents have authority over their children. There is a leader in each area of the town and each town has an elected leader. Every town has three representatives who are sent to the government, where major decisions are made. There are very few laws in Utopia, because there is no need for them. So there are no lawyers — just imagine that. The government is merciful

24. but if someone behaves really badly they can be made into slaves—the slaves in Utopia are prisoners or foreigners. They sow the fields and do all the other really hard work. The threat of slavery is enough to put anyone off doing something wrong. Girls can marry when they are 18 and boys when they are 22. Divorce is only possible when both husband and wife want it. There are severe punishments for married people who have affairs. The guilty people can be made into slaves.

25. Utopia is a very rich country but it never trades with other countries, because there is nothing that it needs. The people there are peaceful and hate war. Storyteller: I made some polite remarks about Utopia and thanked the man. I cannot say I agree with everything he said, but I admit that there are a few things in Utopia that I would like to see adopted in Europe.

26. Listen to the story again. List two things you would like about Utopia and two things you would hate. Things you likeThings you hate

27. Would you like to live in More’s Utopia? Why/why not?

28. Listening strategies Understanding cultural reference When listening to English you will often hear cultural reference (e.g. to people, places, objects, TV programmes, measurements) which you are not familiar with. Use the context of the conversation to try to guess what they refer to.

29. 1. Main —— 2. Town Hall — 3. Milford — 4. the number 23 — 5. a season ticket — a building a town a bus or train pass for a certain period of time a bus Ex. 6. Listen to the conversation. Guess what these things refer to. a street

30. 6. mini-London Eye — 7. The Ministry of Sound — 8. Hamlet — 9. Bath — a fairground wheel a club in London a town A play by Shakespeare

31. Ex. 7 Listen again and complete the Function File with these words and phrases. 1. I wish they’d 2. it’d be a good idea if 3. there could be 4. what about 5. it’s about time 6. I think they should

32. 7. what would be really great is if 8. What we need 9. I’d charge 10. why don’t they 11. I think it’d be good if they 12. they ought to 13. it’s time 14. let’s

33. 1. It’s about time they improved the bus service! 2. What’d be great is if they built a new sports center. S T Ex. 8 Listen to eight more suggestions. Which of them sound tentative (T) and which sound stronger (S)? Then listen again and repeat the suggestions.

34. 3. There could be an Olympic swimming pool. 4. They really ought to clean up the lake! 5. What we need is a new bridge. 6. What about building a new airport? 7. It’s time they did up the town hall! 8. I’d set up a cultural centre. S S S T T T

35. Vocabulary: Phrasal Verbs Ex. 12 Complete the sentences with these verbs in their correct form. go, turn, set, lighten, make, give, dress, pick, hold, take, clean, do

36. 1. Why don’t they _____ up the river and ____ up that old house next to the bridge? It’s nearly falling down. 2. It would be a good idea ____ up a theatre group. It would _______ things up a bit in this town. I love ________ up and I’d like to _____ up acting. clean do set lighten dressing take

37. 3. I was _____ up for twenty minutes in a traffic jam and ______ up late for class. But the teacher thought I ___________ up an excuse. 4. The cost of tickets keeps ______ up, so I __________ up taking the bus and started walking to college. Though sometimes my neighbour _____ me up in the morning and takes me there in her car. held turned was making going have given picks