2.  A MAP IS A TWO- DIMENTIONAL REPRESENTATION OF THE WHOLE OR A PART OF THE EARTH, DRAWN TO SCALE, ON A FLAT SURFACE. THE ART & SCIENCE OF MAKING MAPS IS CALLED CARTOGRAPHY

3. SCALECONTENTPURPOSE MAPS ARE CLASSIFIED ON THE BASIS OF:

4.  BASED ON USE:  POLITICAL  PHYSICAL  THEMATIC  TOPOGRAPHIC  CADASTRAL  DEFENSE  REVENUE  BASED ON SCALE:  LARGE SCALE - CADASTRAL &TOPOGRAPHIC.  SMALL Scale- ATLAS MAPS

5. PHYSICAL MAP: It shows natural features like mountains, plateaus, hill ranges, plains, rivers, lakes, seas and oceans. They are also called relief maps.

6. POLITICAL MAP: It shows cultural features like countries and states, districts, cities, towns and villages.

7. THEMATIC MAP: It shows specific information like distribution of rainfall, population, industries, crops, temperature, vegetation, roadways, railways etc.

8. CADASTRAL MAP: It is a village map that shows trees, fields, streams, settlements, village schools, temples, etc.

9.  Title.  Scale: Verbal, Representative Fraction, Linear scale (large scale and small scale maps)  Directions.  Latitudes & Longitudes.  The Key or Legend: conventional signs & symbols or colour

10. A SKETCH OF A VILLAGE (not drawn to scale) A PLAN OF A VILLAGE(drawn to a scale)

11.  Presently we have digital maps.  Stored in computer rather than paper.  Cartographers get additional information from the satellites which take images of the Earth from space using remote sensing device.  Remote Sensing is the science & art of acquiring information about objects or area, without coming into physical contact with the object under study.