1. The Horse Equus caballus

2. Terms Foal (foaling) –Colt, filly Weanling (5-12mo) Yearling (12-24mo) Two year old (24-36mo) Mare, stallion, gelding Dam and sire

3. Vitals Temp 99.5-101.3 F Pulse 28-50 bpm Resp 8-16 breaths per min. Height- measured in hands (4”) Weight- scale or taped

5. The Hoof

6. Breeding Seasonally polyestrus Estrus length- 21days Heat period- 7 days Gestation- 335-340 days usually April thru September

7. Diet Grazers Confined- hay, some grain –frequent small meals Plenty of clean fresh water Digestion highly dependent on mastication Non-ruminants

8. Behavior Highly social herd animals Generally follow an older mare Stallions will run harems Timid prey animals- first instinct to run, will attack if threatened or cornered

9. Weapons Legs and feet- strike, kick back, cow-kick Teeth Tail

10. Danger signs Pawing Continuously moving Head tossing Wide eye look Ears laid back Trying to bite, barred teeth

11. Calm Signs Ears forward Resting on one hind leg Laying down Sleeping standing up

12. Restraint Halter and Lead

13. Tying Quick release High and short Only 60 cm/ 2 foot of rope between horse and post Equipment must be in excellent condition- no frayed rope, chewed leather, bad or weak buckles

14. The Tail Tie

15. Always tie to the horse for safety. Used for breeding or rectal exams

16. Restraint Chain shank

17. Twitches Humane Chain or rope Always hold

18. Hobbling Breeding Pastern Scotch

19. Stocks

20. Grooming Curry comb Stiff to soft brushes Damp cloth

21. Physical Exam Auscult heart/ lungs Auscult and percuss abdominal cavity

22. Facial Artery- pulse rate

23. Distal Pulse If easily palpated- considered bounding and worthy of note

24. Medication All the normal routes Pilling Tubing Pastes

25. Injection Locations SQ IM IV

26. Landmarks Nuchal Ligament Point of the Shoulder Cervical Spine

27. Blood Draws Jugular Transverse facial vein

28. Zoonotic Parasites Cryptosporidium

29. Zoonotic Bacteria Campylobacter Salmonella

30. Hoof care Picking/Cleaning- to avoid thrush and examine each time Trim/Shoes ~every 6 weeks Parts of foot

31. Directions 1 st lab Hearts and Horses 163 N. County Rd. 29 Loveland, CO 80539 (see handout) 2 nd Lab Equine Reproduction Laboratory 3194 W. Rampart Rd Fort Collins

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