1. CMarZ activities in SW Indian Ocean Hans M Verheye – MCM, DEAT CMarZ SG Meeting, ORI Tokyo, 6-8 Nov. 2006

2. Funded cooperating project A.12. “Environmental Monitoring and Pelagic Fish Stock Assessment Surveys in South Africa” Zooplankton collections along ± entire SA coast during 2 annual pelagic fish stock assessment surveys since 1984 Vertical Bongo, 200μm, 0-200m Usu. formalin preservation; occasionally also EtOH (CMarZ) Routine taxonomic analysis is currently maintained, but… taxonomic resolution of Benguela Current zooplankton community not adequate, i.e. too coarse + must provide for replacement of ageing/vanishing ‘parataxonomists’ Annual Pel. Spawner Biomass Surveys (November) Annual Pel. Recruit Biomass Surveys (May/June) Benguela Current LME

3. Need for improvement of taxonomic resolution of Benguela Current zooplankton community (west coast, SE Atlantic) ► ‘Regional Zooplankton Taxonomy and Species Identification Training Course’ Swakopmund, Namibia January 8-19, 2007 Dr Janet Grieve, NZ - 5 Angolans - 5 Namibians - 5 South Africans Funded by: - AP Sloan Foundation (CMarZ) - BCLME - BENEFIT - INIP, NatMIRC, MCM

4. Shift in the distribution of sardine as seen during annual pelagic fish biomass surveys, summer 1984-2004 (the coast has been linearized). Eastward shift from ca. 2000 onward

5. Shifts in the distribution of sardine eggs as seen during pelagic spawner biomass surveys, 1984-2004. Stratum A = West coast Stratum B = Southwest coast Stratum C = Western Agulhas Bank (WAB) Stratum D = Central Agulhas Bank (CAB) Stratum E = Eastern Agulhas Bank (EAB)

6. Funded cooperating project A.12. “Environmental Monitoring and Pelagic Fish Stock Assessment Surveys in South Africa” Zooplankton collections along ± entire SA coast during 2 annual pelagic fish stock assessment surveys since 1984 (+ongoing) South Coast: Recent eastward shift of sampling area, driven by shift of pelagic fish outside “traditional” Benguela Current waters, into Agulhas Current influenced waters  unfamiliar zooplankton community to be analysed  Need for additional training in species ID of SW Indian Ocean zooplankton Annual Spawner Biomass Surveys (November) Annual Recruit Biomass Surveys (May/June) E-ward shift

7. Coelacanths are found along East African coast, Comoros and Madagascar Funded cooperating project A.13. “African Coelacanth Ecosystem Programme – ACEP”

8. Environmental Monitoring Sites (currents/ Temperature) March 2002 - present

9. Environmental + Plankton sampling FRS Algoa

10. Hj Hb hn APRIL-MAY 2003 JULY-AUGUST 2002 JULY-AUGUST 2003 Oblique Bongo sampling: 300 μm – frozen (isotope studies) 500 μm – preserved in formalin (primarily ichthyoplankton)

11. Locations of deep (0-800m) vertical bongo hauls C. carinatus found in deep water (200-800m) C. carinatus found in standard depth (0-200m) vertical bongo samples AUG.-SEPT. 2004 Vertical Bongo sampling: - 64 samples (46 in Delagoa Bight, 8 off Tanzania, 4 off Comoros Isles, 6 across Moçambique channel) - 200 μm – all preserved in formalin - all samples analysed - 12 deep (0-800 m) samples to check for Calanoides carinatus ? and for CMarZ purposes – EtOH preserved

12. Delagoa Bight – Maputaland April 2005 Transkei May 2005 APRIL-MAY 2005 Vertical Bongo sampling: 51 samples - 200 μm – preserved in formalin - all samples analysed - 3 deep (0-800 m) samples to check for Calanoides carinatus ? and for CMarZ purposes – EtOH preserved No zooplankton samples

13. APRIL-MAY 2006 AUG.-SEPT. 2006 SEPTEMBER 2005 Vertical Bongo sampling: - 200 μm – preserved in formalin - some 100 μm – in EtOH - samples being analysed - some 0-800 m samples to check for Calanoides carinatus ? - several preserved in EtOH for CMarZ purposes

14. 2/8 ACEP cruises analysed thus far: - High diversity, low abundances; - uncertainty w.r.t. species ID common; - help from Kenyan zooplanktologist (Mr James Mwandawiro Mwaluma, Kenya Marine & Fisheries Research Institute, Monbasa); - especial difficulties: spp. of Eu-/Subeu-/Pareu-calanus. and Acro-/Calo-/Clauso-/Ischno-/Para-calanus; PLAN:  joint Indian Ocean Zooplankton Identification Training Course with other Indian Ocean Zooplanktologists Funding: - AP Sloan (CMarZ)? - ASCLME ? - Various national Govt Institutions?

15. “MADEX” RRS Discovery Feb. 2005 Original cruise plan (Phys./Chem. Oceanography) Actual cruise track EtOH-genetics Cruise-of-opportunity for: - zooplankton collections in little-researched area - elucidation of distribution range of Calanoides carinatus ? - training (Sakhile Tsotsobe)

16. 21 MadEx samples analysed: - high diversity; - uncertain ID of numerous species; - assistance from PhD student who worked in Tasmania, Australia helpful but not sufficient ► need for ‘Indian Ocean Zooplankton Identification Training Course’ re-emphasized - one species “looked like Calanoides carinatus, but not certain as to its true identity”

17. Calanoides carinatus ZooGene project – mtCOI analysis UPGMA Ann Bucklin (UConn) 24 Sep 2006 Clade 1: Spain Angola Namibia S. Africa Clade 2: Argentina Brazil (incl. specimens from type locality) 15 Aug 2006 Clade 1: Spain Angola Namibia S. Aftica Clade 2: Brazil Argentina Clade 3: Arabian Sea some Brazil some Argentina