1. 13.2: War in Europe Begins The weak responses of world leaders to Hitler’s aggression leads to WWII

2. A. Path to War 1.Fall of Austria & Czechoslovakia a. Hitler takes over Austria 1938 b. What does the League of Nations do?

3. b. Czechoslovakia Hitler wants to take over the Sudetenland- contains a large German speaking population

4. 2. The Munich Crisis (1938) a. Munich Pact i.“trio,” France, GB, Germany ii.Sudentlands given to Hitler

5. b. Winston Churchill & appeasement – giving up principles to pacify an aggressor

6. Winston Churchill; PM of GB Elected in 1940 Winston Churchill was named TIME's Man of the Year in 1940 and 1949 "An appeaser is one who feeds a crocodile — hoping it will eat him last." — Winston Churchill

7. 3. Hitler Demands Danzig a.Danzig is part of Poland b.Is 90% German c.Britain and France vow to protect Poland if Germany invades d.Sept. 1, 1939: Hitler invades Poland e.Sept. 3, 1939: France & GB declares war on Germany; the war has begun!

8. 4. The Nazi-Soviet Pact a.Agreement between Stalin and Hitler b.Stalin wants capitalist nations to go against each other; USSR safe c.Hitler’s goal: avoid a two-front war d.Secret deal: divide Poland between the two countries

9. B. The War Begins September 3, 1939 1.Germany attacks Poland 2.Blitzkrieg-lightning war; surprise, nonstop attacks 3.Germany’s goal: to cut Polish supply lines 4.End result – Germany controls Poland by the end of the month

10. 5. “Phony War” a.After Poland invasion nothing happened for the next few months b.Hitler goes around the Maginot Line through the Netherlands, Belgium, and Luembourg

12. Maginot Line Maginot line started after WWI; ineffective French spent millions on its development

25. 6. The Miracle at Dunkirk Allied forces trapped in Belgium were able to escape to GB via the only port the Germans did not capture in France, Dunkirk. For unknown reasons, Hitler German forces to stop Allows Allied troops to regroup and evacuate > 330,000 troops saved

26. Vichy France Hitler captures Northern France French commander Marshal Petain heads Vichy gov’t - puppet gov’t in south of France; Hitler true ruler Gen Charles de Gaulle exiled in GB vowing to regain France

27. WWII: German Advances1939-1941

28. http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/media_nm.php?lang=en&ModuleId=10005137&MediaId=337 6

29. Battle of Britain Goal: for Hitler to conquer GB by… Blitzkrieg + air fleet invasion Luftwaffe vs. Royal Air Force (RAF) In the beginning, whose winning? Technology that helped RAF win? RADAR; could see in the dark Hitler calls off invasion of Britain

30. British Hawker Hurricane (bomber)

31. Supermarine Spitfire (bomber)

32. Messerschmitt BF 10

33. Arado AR 240 (heavy fighter)

35. Soviet w/ german pow

36. Europe prior to WWI

37. Europe after WWI

38. Europe 1990

39. Europe 1995