2. 2 Plans The North and the “ANACONDA PLAN” – Developed by General Winfield Scott (Hero of the Mexican War) – Choke the Confederacy -Used blockades to keep the South from exporting cotton or importing supplies – Used troops and gunboats to gain control of the Mississippi River, thus cutting the Confederacy in half – Capture Richmond Virginia – Lincoln ordered a naval blockade of seceded states

3. The South and the “WAR OF ATTRITION” – Prepare and wait – Wear them down slowly – Stopped producing cotton so France and Britain would jump in on the side of the South – Plan did not work – France and Britain got cotton from Egypt

4. Commanders Ulysses S. Grant, a West Point graduate, appointed General by Lincoln William Sherman Robert E. Lee commanded Confederate Army Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson James Longstreet John B. Hood

5. 1 st Battle, Bull Run / Manassas (July, 1861) First Battle of Bull Run (July, 1861) Union army unprepared and poorly organized Confederate victory

6. Shiloh (April, 1862) Union victory North captured all but 2 ports on the Mississippi Port Hudson Vicksburg

7. Antietam (Sept. 1862) Union victory Bloodiest single day: 26,000 casualties

8. Chancellorsville (April 1863) Confederate victory Stonewall Jackson shot in the arm

10. Gettysburg (July 1-3, 1863) Lee sought to defeat Union on Northern soil Battle lasted three days Union victory TURNING POINT OF THE WAR Gettysburg Address – Lincoln explained meaning of Civil War – Redefined meaning of the United States – Promised a “new birth” of freedom

14. Vicksburg (April-July, 1863) Grant attacked Promoted a SEIGE Surround enemy Starve enemy until they surrender Union victory

17. Atlanta (July-December, 1864) “March to the Sea” campaign Sherman laid siege to Atlanta When the Confederates retreated, Sherman burned Atlanta Sherman continued to Savannah, destroying bridges, factories, railroads, livestock Continued destruction into South Carolina

20. Appomattox (April, 1865) Union victory Lee surrendered to Grant at the Appomattox courthouse

21. Other Issues Technology… weapons made more deadly and accurate Andersonville – Notorious prison camp in Georgia – Built for 10,000 men – Held 35,000 men on 26 acres – 100+ men died each day

23. The Emancipation Proclamation (January, 1863) Lincoln resisted making the abolition of slaves a Union goal He opposed slavery, but did not think he had the legal authority to end it Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation to end slavery and make southerners have to work rather than fight The Emancipation Proclamation officially made the abolition of slavery a Union goal (No longer interested in just preserving Union)

24. 13 th Amendment passed (December, 1865) – Passed by Lincoln and Congress – Ended Slavery