1. Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Chapter 16 G. Tyler Miller’s Living in the Environment 13th Edition Chapter 16 G. Tyler Miller’s Living in the Environment 13th Edition

2. Key Concepts Improving energy efficiencyImproving energy efficiency Solar energySolar energy Hydropower (flowing water)Hydropower (flowing water) WindWind BiomassBiomass Hydrogen fuelHydrogen fuel GeothermalGeothermal Decentralized power systemsDecentralized power systems

3. Could we save energy by recycling energy? NoNo Second Law of ThermodynamicsSecond Law of Thermodynamics

4. Ways to Improve Energy Efficiency In Our Homes Insulation Insulation Eliminate air leaks Eliminate air leaks Air-to-air heat exchangers Air-to-air heat exchangers Industry Cogeneration Cogeneration –Two useful sources of energy are produced from the same fuel source Efficient electric motors Efficient electric motors High efficiency lighting High efficiency lighting Increased fuel economy Increased fuel economyIndustry Cogeneration Cogeneration –Two useful sources of energy are produced from the same fuel source Efficient electric motors Efficient electric motors High efficiency lighting High efficiency lighting Increased fuel economy Increased fuel economy

5. Saving Energy in Existing Buildings About one-third of the heated air in typical U.S. homes and buildings escapes through closed windows and holes and cracks. Figure 17-11

6. WAYS TO IMPROVE ENERGY EFFICIENCY Average fuel economy of new vehicles sold in the U.S. between 1975-2006. The government Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) has not increased after 1985. Figure 17-5

7. Increased Fuel Economy  Rechargeable battery systems  Hybrid electric-internal combustion engine  Fuel cells

8. Electricity Fuel Combustion engine A Fuel tank B Electric motor C Battery bank D RegulatorE TransmissionF A B C D E F Hybrid Car (Electric – Internal Combustion Engine)

9. Using Solar Energy to Provide Heat and Electricity  Passive solar heating  Active solar heating

10. Using Solar Energy to Provide High- Temperature Heat and Electricity  Solar thermal systems

11. Using Solar Energy to Provide High- Temperature Heat and Electricity  Photovoltaic (PV) cells

12. Using Solar Energy to Provide High- Temperature Heat and Electricity

13. Producing Electricity from Moving Water  Large-scale hydropower  Small-scale hydropower  Pumped-storage hydropower  Large-scale hydropower  Small-scale hydropower  Pumped-storage hydropower

14. Producing Electricity from Moving Water  Tidal power plant  Wave power  Tidal power plant  Wave power

16. Producing Energy from Biomass Biofuels Biomass plantations Crop residues Animal manure Biogas Ethanol Methanol Biofuels Biomass plantations Crop residues Animal manure Biogas Ethanol Methanol

17. Geothermal Reservoirs Fig. 16-37 p. 410

18. Entering the Age of Decentralized Micropower  Current Centralized power systems  Future Decentralized power systems  Micropower systems Fig. 16-39 p. 411 Fig. 16-40 p. 411

19. Solutions: A Sustainable Energy Strategy