1. Skills: none Concepts: pre Internet tools, key contributions to the development of the Internet, stages of invention (vision, engineering prototype, product, ubiquitous product), collaboration in other species This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 License. Tools for communication and collaboration

2. Where does this topic fit? Internet concepts – Applications – Technology (communication) – Implications Internet skills – Application development – Content creation – User skills

3. Lascaux Caves 15,000 years ago What new tool did they use for communication and coordination?

4. Can you identify these tools for communication and collaboration?

5. Hieroglyphic writingPhonetic writingGutenberg press Electronic telegraph Chappe’s semaphore telegraph Telephone Punch card storage Morse codeGreek torches

6. Vannevar Bush, the vision Vannevar BushArtist’s conception of a “memex”

7. Doug Engelbart, the research prototype The mouse Hyperlinks Video conferencing WYSIWYG word processor Multi-window user interface Shared documents Shared database Documents with images & text Keyword search Instant messaging Synchronous collaboration Asynchronous collaboration Chord keyboard

8. The Demo, 1968 Clip 2: Vision of the future Clip 3: Word processing Clip 8: Graphics Clip 12: Mouse Clip 25, 26: Collaboration and windowed user interface http://bit.ly/SQx8VX

9. In a few years, men will be able to communicate more effectively through a machine than face to face. What will on-line interactive communities be like?... They will be communities not of common location, but of common interest. Licklider and Taylor, 1968 JCR Licklider Robert Taylor

10. ARPANET 1969

11. 1986 1991 NSFNet – the start of ubiquity Today

12. Our latest tool for collaboration -- the Internet Vision … Engineering prototype … Useful tool … Ubiquitous tool Can you identify these stages for other inventions, for example the airplane?

13. Humpback whales use language to collaborate

14. Summary

15. Self-study questions Research and briefly describe each of the tools illustrated in slide 4. We described the contributions of a number of Internet pioneers – it is not possible to credit any one of them as the sole inventor of the Internet. Samuel Morse is often credited with the invention of the telegraph – was he the sole inventor of the telegraph? (Explain) We focused on the Internet as a general collaboration tool – what are some of the specific Internet applications we use for communication and collaboration?

16. Resources Communication using torches in ancient Greece: http://www.mlahanas.de/Greeks/Communication.htm Chappe’s semaphore telegraph: http://people.seas.harvard.edu/~jones/cscie129/images/history/chappe.html About hunting by humpback whales: http://www.kpbs.org/news/2012/feb/20/nature-ocean-giants-deep-thinkers/ The evolution of writing systems: http://www.ancientscripts.com/ As we may think, Vannevar Bush, Atlantic Monthly, July 1945: http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1945/07/as-we-may-think/3881/ Licklider and Taylor: The Computer as a Communication Device, 1968. http://memex.org/licklider.pdf The Demo, Doug Engelbart: http://sloan.stanford.edu/mousesite/1968Demo.html