1. Introduction to Biology II Biology 1312 Dr. Brad Hoge Spring 2007 Ecology and The Biosphere

2. Ernst HaeckelRobert MacArthurRachel Carson Jane Goodall E.O. Wilson

3. Ecology Biotic –Organisms –systems Abiotic –Physical –Chemical

4. Time Ecological Time Evolutionary Time (Geologic Time) –A Brief History of Life on EarthA Brief History of Life on Earth

5. Biotic Factors Niche Space Behavior Dispersal Limiting Resources Predation

6. Abiotic Factors Climate Water Environment

7. Global Climate Zones –Ocean Circulation –Air Circulation –Weather Seasons Cycles –Water –Carbon

8. Biomes

9. Aquatic Littoral Limnetic –Profundal Zone –Benthos –Oligotrophic Lakes –Eutrophic Lakes –Mesotrophic Lakes

10. Riparian Rivers and Streams Flood Plains

11. Wetlands Estuaries Marshes Swamps

12. Oceans Intertidal Neritic –Continental Shelf –Coral Reefs Pelagic –Abyssal Plains –Mid-Ocean Vents Benthic

13. Polar Taiga Tundra –Permafrost Alpine

14. Temperate Deciduous Forest –Old Growth Forests –Rainforests Coniferous Forest Grasslands –Prairie –Savanna –Chaparral –Steppes

15. Deserts 30 0 Latitudes High Deserts Arctic and Antarctic

16. Tropical Rain Forest –Canopy –Emergents –Epiphytes –Desertification

17. Climate Change Boundary Conditions Long-Term Climate Change –Glacial Cycles –Volcanism –Plate Tectonics Anthropogenic Factors

19. Population Ecology Populations –Density –Dispersal –Diversity –Richness

20. Life Histories Reproduction Population Growth Carrying Capacity Limiting Factors Life Tables –Survivorship Curve –Reproductive Rates

21. Reproductive Strategies Ovipary Ovivivipary Vivipary Semelparity Iteroparity

22. Population Growth Growth Curves  N/  t = B – D Zero population growth Exponential population growth Population crash

23. Carrying Capacity Limiting Factors Predation –Lotka-Volterra Equations Environmental Change –Succession –Anthropogenic