1. Photosynthesis in chloroplasts Cellular respiration in mitochondria
Figure 6.1_1
Sunlight energy
ECOSYSTEM
Photosynthesis in chloroplasts
CO2
Glucose
H2O O2
Cellular respiration in mitochondria
Figure 6.1_1 The connection between photosynthesis and cellular respiration
(for cellular work)
ATP
Heat energy 1

2. Figure 6.2_1 Breathing Lungs Bloodstream Muscle cells carrying out
CO2
Lungs
CO2
Bloodstream O2
Figure 6.2_1 The connection between breathing and cellular respiration
Muscle cells carrying out
Cellular Respiration
Glucose  O2
CO2  H2O  ATP 2

3. Figure 6.4
Activity
kcal consumed per hour by a 67.5-kg (150-lb) person*
Running (8–9 mph)
979
Dancing (fast)
510
Bicycling (10 mph)
490
Swimming (2 mph)
408
Walking (4 mph)
341
Walking (3 mph)
245
Dancing (slow)
204
Driving a car 61
Figure 6.4 Energy consumed by various activities
Sitting (writing) 28
*Not including kcal needed for body maintenance 3

4. Loss of hydrogen atoms (becomes oxidized)
Figure 6.5A
Loss of hydrogen atoms (becomes oxidized)
C6H12O6 6 O2 6
CO2 6
H2O
ATP
Glucose
 Heat
Gain of hydrogen atoms (becomes reduced)
Figure 6.5A Rearrangement of hydrogen atoms (with their electrons) in the redox reactions of cellular respiration 4

5. ENERGY INVESTMENT PHASE
Figure 6.7Ca_s2
Glucose
ENERGY INVESTMENT PHASE
Steps – A fuel molecule is energized, using ATP. 1 3
ATP
Step 1
ADP P
Glucose 6-phosphate 2 P
Fructose 6-phosphate
ATP 3
ADP
Figure 6.7Ca_s2 Details of glycolysis: energy investment phase (step 2)
Step A six-carbon intermediate splits into two three-carbon intermediates. 4
Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate P P 4
Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) P P 5

6. Figure 6.7Cb_s2 ENERGY PAYOFF PHASE
Step A redox reaction generates NADH. 5
NAD 5
NAD 5
NADH P P
NADH H H P P P P
1,3-Bisphospho- glycerate
ADP
ADP 6 6
Steps – ATP and pyruvate are produced. 6 9
ATP
ATP P P
3-Phospho- glycerate 7 7 P P
2-Phospho- glycerate
Figure 6.7Cb_s2 Details of glycolysis: energy payoff phase (step 2) 8 8
H2O
H2O P P
Phosphoenol- pyruvate (PEP)
ADP
ADP 9 9
ATP
ATP
Pyruvate 6

7. Figure 6.9B_s3 Acetyl CoA 2 carbons enter cycle Oxaloacetate 1 Citrate
NADH H
NAD 5
NAD
NADH H 2
Citric Acid Cycle
Malate
CO2
leaves cycle
FADH2
Alpha-ketoglutarate
Figure 6.9B_s3 A closer look at the citric acid cycle (step 3) 4 3
FAD
CO2
leaves cycle
NAD
Succinate
ADP P
NADH H
Step Acetyl CoA stokes the furnace. 1
Steps – NADH, ATP, and CO2 are generated during redox reactions. 2 3
Steps – Further redox reactions generate FADH2 and more NADH. 4 5
ATP 7

8. Controlled release of energy for synthesis of ATP H
Figure 6.5C
NADH
NAD
ATP 2
Controlled release of energy for synthesis of ATP H
Electron transport chain
Figure 6.5C In cellular respiration, electrons fall down an energy staircase and finally reduce O2. 2 2 1 2 H O2
H2O 8

9. Figure 6.10 H H H H H Intermem- brane space H
Mobile electron carriers H
Protein complex of electron carriers H H
ATP synthase
III IV I
Inner mito- chondrial membrane II
Electron flow
FADH2
FAD 1 2
2 H
NADH
NAD O2
H2O
Mito- chondrial matrix H
Figure 6.10 Oxidative phosphorylation: electron transport and chemiosmosis in a mitochondrion
ADP P
ATP H
Electron Transport Chain
Chemiosmosis
Oxidative Phosphorylation 9

10. Figure 6.6_1 CYTOPLASM NADH Electrons carried by NADH NADH FADH2
Glycolysis
Oxidative Phosphorylation (electron transport and chemiosmosis)
Pyruvate Oxidation
Citric Acid Cycle
Glucose
Pyruvate
Figure 6.6_1 An overview of cellular respiration
Mitochondrion
ATP
ATP
ATP
Substrate-level phosphorylation
Substrate-level phosphorylation
Oxidative phosphorylation 10

11. Glucose 2 ADP 2 NAD 2 P 2 NADH ATP 2 2 H 2 Pyruvate Figure 6.7A
Figure 6.7A An overview of glycolysis
2 Pyruvate 11