1. Wireless Application Protocol Overview Owen Sullivan Worldzap WAP Forum

2. ©2000 Wireless Application Protocol Forum, Ltd. Agenda zDevelopment of WAP zProtocol Layers zWireless Application Environment zSecurity and Smart Cards zConvergence with IETF protocols

3. ©2000 Wireless Application Protocol Forum, Ltd. State of industry in 1997 zTechnologies were in use to allow handheld mobile devices access to network based content, but were incompatible lSmart Messaging; HDML, Narrowband sockets, Others... zWAP Forum was created to provide a single global standard for wireless data access for all handheld mobile devices

4. ©2000 Wireless Application Protocol Forum, Ltd. Initial goals of the WAP Forum zBring Internet based content & services to handheld wireless devices zWork across global network technologies zAllow creation of content that works across many types of link layers and device types zTo use existing standards wherever possible

5. ©2000 Wireless Application Protocol Forum, Ltd. What devices is WAP designed for? zIncludes mobile phones, pagers, PDAs zDevices with limited CPU, memory & battery life zDevices with a simple user interface zLow bandwidth & high latency environments zUnpredictable availability & stability

6. ©2000 Wireless Application Protocol Forum, Ltd. Web Server Content CGI, Java servlets, etc WML content or HTML content that gets translated WAP Gateway WML Encoder WMLScript Compiler Protocol Adapters Client WML WML- Script WTAI Etc. HTTPWSP/WTP High level view of WAP Architecture

7. ©2000 Wireless Application Protocol Forum, Ltd. Link layer technologies supported by WAP zGSM: SMS, Circuit Switched Data, GPRS, USSD, Cell Broadcast z ANSI-136: R-Data, Circuit Switched Data, GPRS-136 z CDMA: SMS, Circuit Switched Data, Packet z PDC & PHS: Circuit Switched Data, Packet z CDPD; DECT; TETRA; Mobitex z FLEX and ReFLEX; DataTAC

8. ©2000 Wireless Application Protocol Forum, Ltd. WAP Protocols Wireless Application Environment (WAE) Session Layer (WSP) Security Layer (WTLS) Transport Layer (WDP) Other Services and Applications Transaction Layer (WTP) SMSUSSD GPRS CDPD Etc.. Circuit Switched Data Flex

9. ©2000 Wireless Application Protocol Forum, Ltd. Wireless Datagram Protocol zProvides a network and bearer independent interface to higher layers zProvides port level addressing zProvides segmentation and reassembly zFor link layers that support IP, UDP is used as the Wireless Datagram Protocol layer

10. ©2000 Wireless Application Protocol Forum, Ltd. Wireless Transaction Protocol zProvides efficient, reliable data transfer based on request/reply paradigm zSupports selective-retransmission zSupports segmentation and re-assembly zMessage oriented (not stream) zSupports an Abort function zSupports concatenation of PDUs

11. ©2000 Wireless Application Protocol Forum, Ltd. Wireless Session Protocol zProvides shared state between client and server used to optimize content transfer zProvides semantics and mechanisms based on HTTP 1.1 zSupports compact encoding of headers zSupports push functionality zSupports capability negotiation

12. ©2000 Wireless Application Protocol Forum, Ltd. Standard Message Center Adaptation Protocol Non-IP bearer (e.g. SMS) WDP WTLS Non-IP bearer (e.g. SMS) WDP Adaptation Message Center WAP Proxy/Server Mobile TCP WTP WSP WAE WDP WTLS WTP WSP WAE IP TCP IP WDP Adaptation utilises SMPP, industry standard for Message Center access

13. ©2000 Wireless Application Protocol Forum, Ltd. WAP application environment zWML- XML compliant mark-up language zWMLScript - ECMAScript based scripting language zWAP Push mechanism zUser Agent profiles zWTA - WAP telephony services

14. ©2000 Wireless Application Protocol Forum, Ltd. Input Elements WML Example Deck Card Navigatio n Variables </DO Welcome! Enter name: Choose speed: Fast Slow

15. ©2000 Wireless Application Protocol Forum, Ltd. Placing an outgoing call with WTAI: Input Element WTAI Call Enter phone number: Wireless Telephony Applications

16. ©2000 Wireless Application Protocol Forum, Ltd. Functions WMLScript Example Programming Constructs Variables function currencyConvertor(currency, exchRate) { return currency*exchangeRate; } function myDay(sunShines) { var myDay; if (sunShines) { myDay = “Good”; } else { myDay = “Not so good”; }; return myDay; }

17. ©2000 Wireless Application Protocol Forum, Ltd. WAP Security zTransport level security is WTLS, based on TLS. Provides privacy, integrity, authentication zEnd-to-end security mechanism defined at the transport layer zApplication layer security provided via WMLScript crypto library

18. ©2000 Wireless Application Protocol Forum, Ltd. WAP and Smart Cards zWAP supports use of Smart Cards to enhance security zWireless Identity Module specification supports performing security functions & storage of sensitive data zSmart Card Provisioning specification defines a file structure for secure storage of provisioning data

19. ©2000 Wireless Application Protocol Forum, Ltd. WAP’s current status zWAP Forum has 200+ members including l90% of world’s handset manufacturers lCarriers with over 100 million subscribers lLeading infrastructure providers, software developers & content providers zWAP v1.2 specification suite approved Dec 99 zCommercial services now widely deployed

20. ©2000 Wireless Application Protocol Forum, Ltd. Changing marketplace zHigh speed 2.5G technologies - GPRS, EDGE z3G technologies being developed with data rates of up to 2Mbps zMultimedia capable devices being developed zDemand for richer content - high quality graphics, audio, video

21. ©2000 Wireless Application Protocol Forum, Ltd. WAP next generation zWAP Architecture Convergence group working to ensure WAP’s architecture converges with the IETF and other protocols zWPG reviewing the output from the IETF PILC group with a goal of incorporating TCP into the WAP stack zWAP continually evolving to ensure compatibility with emerging technologies

22. www.wapforum.org Thank you! WAP Forum