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Published byGrace White Modified over 8 years ago
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The Operating System ICS3M
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The operating system (OS) provides a consistent environment for other software programs to execute commands. It gives the user an interface with the computer so they can send commands (input) and receive feedback (output)
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The OS To do this the OS must communicate with the hardware to perform specific tasks: Disk and file management Device access Memory management Output format Once the OS has organized these resources users can effectively use the machine
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The OS The OS is the center through which the system hardware, other software, and the user communicate. The OS coordinates the communication between all components of the system.
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Disk and File Management A hard disk is made up of a series of magnetic platters. Each of these platters is divided into sectors and tracks when the hard drive is formatted.
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File Management When the drive is initially formatted a file allocation table is stored in track 0 (the outermost track) When an operating system is installed on the drive, it appends its FAT in track 0 as well
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Organizing the Disk We can use several tricks to organize files on a disk for faster access. Defragmenting a hard drive is one way to improve access time.
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Installing an OS Most operating systems require you to prepare a disk before you install the OS. With Windows 9X, that means a format with either a Windows 9x or DOS boot disk. The format erases all information currently on the drive and prepares the FAT for the new operating system.
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After Installation Installing a Windows OS usually takes between ½ to 1½ hours After you install the OS, you must install device drivers for hardware attached to the machine Device drivers the OS how to communicate with the hardware device Finally you must install software to make the system useful for the user.
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Installing Software Basically, following the directions will get you through software installation easily. The problem with software installation is licensing and copyrights. Companies such as Microsoft are beginning to clamp down on illegal copies of their software. Its estimated that 1 in 10 installs of MS software is illegal.
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Your Task Complete the ‘ICS3M4MOperating Systems Question Sheet’ posted on the course website
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