1. Scientific Methods in Science Chapter 1 EOC Goal 1

2. 1.State the Problem 2.Form a Hypothesis 3.Experimentation 4.Collecting and Measuring Data 5.Interpreting Data (Constructing Graphs) 6.Draw Conclusions 7.Publish findings Steps to the Scientific Method

3. 1.State the Problem – Based on observations To make observations, you use your five senses: -sight -hearing -touch -taste -smell

4. What is happening?

9. 2.Form a Hypothesis a.Educated guess; possible answer to your question b.Written as an “If…then…” statement Steps to the Scientific Method Why is this event happening?

10. 3.Experimentation a.Way to test the hypothesis b.Has FIVE parts 1.Independent Variable (IV) – what is tested 2.Dependent Variable (DV) – measure of test 3.Constants – stay the same in all parts of test 4.Control – comparison; most “normal” situation 5.Repeated Trials – number of times you repeat test; makes data more accurate Steps to the Scientific Method

11. Examples of Experiments Growing marigolds in orange juice Weight loss in a group of people

12. 4.Collecting and Measuring Data a.Qualitative Data: characteristics, physical traits EXAMPLE: Red flower, green leaf, black soil b.Quantitative Data: numbers, quantities EXAMPLE: 23 students, 4.2 cm long; height Steps to the Scientific Method

13. Qualitative Red Far from the earth Microscopic Burns quickly HotQuantitative 700 nm wavelength 300 million light years Smaller than 1 meter Burns candle at 1 cm per minute 350 degrees Celsius

14. 5.Interpreting Data (Constructing Graphs) a.Types of Graphs: 1. Line Graph – shows a relationship between IV and DV Steps to the Scientific Method

15. 5. Interpreting Data (Constructing Graphs) a. Types of Graphs: 2. Bar Graph – shows a comparison between IV and DV

16. Steps to the Scientific Method 5. Interpreting Data (Constructing Graphs) a.Types of Graphs: 3. Pie Graph – shows percentages; must add up to 100%

17. 5.Interpreting Data (Constructing Graphs) b.Graphs must have: Title Key Labeled Axes X Axis  IV Y Axis  DV Steps to the Scientific Method

18. 6.Draw Conclusions a.Use data to make summaries b.Discussion of problems with experiment c.Discussions of options for future experiments Steps to the Scientific Method

19. 7. Publish findings Steps to the Scientific Method Publish in scientific journals so other scientists can evaluate your findings.

20. Remember … 1.Start with a question 2.Determine a possible solution 3.Test your question 4.Draw conclusions based on your findings 5.Let others know your findings

21. Theory and Law Scientific Theory –A hypothesis that has been supported by multiple scientists’ experiments in multiple locations A Scientific Law –a description of what we find happening in nature over and over again in a certain way