1. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Regulation of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes Chapter 17 Lecture Concepts of Genetics Tenth Edition

2. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 17.1Eukaryotic Gene Can Occur at Any of the Steps Leading from DNA to Protein Product Different from prokaryotes: Lot’s of DNA mRNA processing Many chromosomes Chromatin structure mRNAs with a variety of half-lives Translational and posttranslational regulation

3. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 17.1

4. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 17.3Eukaryotic Gene Expression Is Influenced by Chromatin Modifications Chromosome Territories and Transcription Factories

5. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

7. Histone Modifications and Nucleosomal Chromatin Remodeling

8. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

9. Reduction of positive charge on histone protein weakens interactions between histone and DNA

10. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 17.4

11. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. DNA Methylation

12. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

14. Epigenetics

15. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

19. Epigenetics and Cancer Global hypomethylation Selective hypermethylation

20. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

21. Das and Singal (2004) J. Clin. Oncol.

22. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Epigenetics and the Environment

23. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

25. 17.4Eukaryotic Gene Transcription Initiation is Regulated at Specific Cis- Acting Sites Promoters

26. Fig 17-5

27. Fig 17-6

28. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 17.7

29. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Enhancers and Silencers

30. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

31. 17.5Eukaryotic Transcription Is Regulated by Transcription Factors that Bind to Cis- Acting Sites

32. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. The Human Metallothionein IIA Gene: Multiple Cis- Acting Elements and Transcription Factors

33. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Functional Domains of Eukaryotic Transcription Factors DNA binding doman trans-activation or repression domain

34. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

37. 17.6Activators and Repressors Interact with General Transcription Factors at the Promoter Formation of the RNA Pol II Transcription Initiation Complex

38. Fig 17-9

39. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Interactions of General Transcription Factors with Activators and Repressors

40. Fig 17-10

41. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

42. 17.8Posttranscriptional Gene Regulation Occurs at All the Steps from RNA Processing to Protein Modification Alternative Splicing of mRNA

43. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 17.13

44. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 17.14 12 x 48 x 33 x 2 = 38,016 possible proteins

45. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 17.8Posttranscriptional Gene Regulation Occurs at All the Steps from RNA Processing to Protein Modification Alternative Splicing and Human Diseases Sex Determination in Drosophila: A Model for Regulation of Alternative Splicing

46. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 17.15

47. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 17.8Posttranscriptional Gene Regulation Occurs at All the Steps from RNA Processing to Protein Modification Control of mRNA Stability

48. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

49. 17.8Posttranscriptional Gene Regulation Occurs at All the Steps from RNA Processing to Protein Modification Translational and Post-translational Controls

50. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

51. 17.9RNA Silencing Controls Gene Expression in Several Ways The Molecular Mechanisms of RNA-induced Gene Silencing

52. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 17.16

53. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. RNA Silencing in Biotechnology and Medicine