1. Protein Synthesis Occurs in 2 steps – Step 1: Transcription Taking DNA and transcribing it into RNA – Step 2: Translation Taking RNA and translating it into amino acids (protein) (Transcription) (Translation)

3. Protein Synthesis- Transcription Transcription (Step 1) Changing DNA to mRNA – How does it begin? An enzyme unzips the DNA double helix RNA polymerase binds to the DNA sequence and TRANSCRIBES an mRNA sequence – Which means that it binds free nucleotides to the unzipped DNA molecule…according to Chargaff’s rules » Example: DNA: A A C T G A T G C RNA: U U G A C U A C G U RNA bases are AUCG…there is no T!!! So T is replaced by U

4. Transcription Practice #1: Transcription Practice #2: Protein Synthesis- Transcription DNA mRNA DNA mRNA

5. After the mRNA is made it is released and an enzyme zips the DNA back up Protein Synthesis- Transcription