1. Nutrition Education Prof. Ashry Gad Mohamed & Dr. Salwa A. Tayel Department of Family & Community Medicine College of Medicine, KSU January 6, 20131

2. Objectives At the end of the lecture you should gain the ability to: Define nutrition education. Recognize the importance of nutrition education. Understand methods used in nutrition education. January 6, 20132

3. Definition of nutrition education It is the science of teaching the individual how to practice proper and correct nutrition in terms of: 1-Knowing the proper nutrition rules. 2-Knowing benefit of each nutrient. 3-More attention to quality and quantity of foods. Nutrition: The process by which the human intakes food for growth, energy, and replacement of tissues; its successive stages include digestion, absorption, metabolism, and excretion. January 6, 20133

4. Food: Any substance taken into the body that will help to meet the body needs for energy, maintenance and growth. Nutrition requirements: The quantities of each nutrient which met the human body needs to prevent nutrients deficiency diseases. January 6, 20134 Definition of nutrition education

5. Contribution differs between countries Ignorance Diseases Poverty Malnutrition January 6, 20135 Causes of malnutrition

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7. Importance of nutrition education Man doesn’t have instinct nor inherit knowledge that leads him to know the effect of different foods on health. There is consensus that people’s food choices, dietary practices, and physical activities behaviors influence health. Increased risk of chronic diseases. Nutrition education can increase the motivation, skills, and opportunities for people to engage in health promoting actions. January 6, 20137

8. Aims of nutrition education To increase people’s ability to know the following facts: The relationship between the body growth, qualities of and appearance, and the types of food they eat. Increased diversification in the food they eat, and enjoy its taste. Planning and preparing of meals rich in nutrients. The natural resources of food. Assessment of their nutritional behaviors and beliefs. Appreciating the importance of the standard of living and improving programs. January 6, 20138

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10. Factors affecting human food consumption 1-The healthy body and disease : 2-Psychological factors: 3-Food habits: 4-Economic levels: 5-Education level: 6-Religious beliefs: 7-Political conditions January 6, 201310

11. 8-Social conditions 9-Form and offering way of food 10-Media 11-Travel & Tourism 12-Labor Migration 13-Geographical characteristics 15-Religious occasions January 6, 201311 Factors affecting human food consumption

12. Nutrition Education strategy Encouraging the targeted categories to consume Balanced diets according to the: Available sources Renew the dishes Local food and eating habits The presenting ways The best preparing Methods Suitable food To Meet the needs January 6, 201312

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14. Changing the eating habits through nutrition education Food habits affect food consumption pattern. Requirements: Diffusion Of Innovations : Spread of innovations / (new ideas). Communication process: Methods of conveying thoughts and feelings, it describes interactions between individuals and groups as well as between various media and people. January 6, 201314

15. It consists of: Source (Sender): nutrition educator Channel: presentations, lectures………….media Message: simple (eat more vegetables and fruits) complex (how to get your child to eat healthful) Audience (Receiver): individual, group or public. January 6, 201315 Communication process

16. Steps of social change Innovation : Create or develop a new idea Diffusion : Delivery of new ideas through certain channels to members of the social system contribute to a better translation. Results : Are those changes that occur within the social system due to the spread of these new ideas between its parts. January 6, 201316

17. Stages of Adoption of Ideas  Awareness. Recognizing innovative for the first time  Interest. Collection of information available about the idea as much as possible, and more knowledge about characteristic, as a result of generating motivation to learn more about this new idea. January 6, 201317

18.  Decision & evaluation. The adopter take decision continuing to collect more information about the idea or to quit, as well as begin to assess the information which obtained according to the present situation and future prospects for decision to adopt it, or leave it.  Trial. In this stage the individual try to apply the new ideas in small area, to esteem the benefits of this new ideas.  Adoption After recognizing and after convicting the benefits of the new ideas, the person will adopt these new ideas January 6, 201318 Stages of Adoption of Ideas

19. Diffusion of Innovation: Process Awareness of a need for an innovation Decision to adopt (or reject) the innovation Initial use of the innovation Program continuation Communication – mass media and interpersonal interactions. Increases likelihood of adoption and maintenance. There are FIVE categories of adopters. Identifying the people in each category allows for customized strategies. Implementation of the innovation, where people can try it out. This is the ultimate goal. Continuation, or maintenance, of the innovation or program.

20. Classes of adopters Innovators Early adopters Early majority late majority laggard January 6, 201320

21. Adopter Categories Adopter CategoryCharacteristicsAdoption StyleQuestions InnovatorsVisionary, creative, and well- educated. Willing to take risks. First to develop an idea, and often the first to try it. How can we things differently? Early AdoptersHighly respected. Often seen as opinion leaders. Willing to try new ideas developed by the innovators. Is there something new we can try? Do we have reason to believe it might work? Early MajorityThoughtful and deliberate. Want to see evidence. Willing to adopt new ideas before most people. Has someone else tried this? Is there evidence that it works? Late MajorityCautious. Often skeptical of new ideas. Willing to adopt new ideas after a majority has done so. What are our competitors doing? What are most people doing? LaggardsTraditional. Highly critical of new ideas. Willing to adopt a new idea after it has become main­ stream or they are forced to do so. Is this conventional practice? Are we being forced to do this?

22. Adopter Categories (cont.)

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25. Criteria affecting diffusion of innovation Relative advantage of the new idea. Complexity (easy in understanding and applying) Compatibility (suitability) Results observe-ability Societies characteristic, and thinking pattern Cost of the new ideas Education levels Socio-economic levels Civilizing (modernizing ) and cultural practices of the societies Customs and traditions prevailing in the community January 6, 201325

26. 1.Newspapers and publications 2. The radio 3. Television 4. Space channel 5. Telephone and fax 6. Internet Choosing the channel for nutrition education January 6, 201326

27. Techniques Ways through which the educator will deliver the massages to the receiver (target groups): lecture Seminars Symposium Role play Discussion groups January 6, 201327

28. References El-Shafi M. Nutrition education. Educational course. CHS456. KSU. Park K. Nutrition and health. In: Preventive and social Medicine. Editor. 21th edition. 2011 pages 561-617. January 6, 201328

29. January 6, 201329 Thank You