1. Revolution=Tough Work

2. Battle for Quebec Many patriots want to take Canada
We capture a few key forts but need Quebec
Benedict Arnold leads attack, no cannons, many troops leaving soon
Wait to attack during snowstorm, fails badly, half Americans are causalities– killed, wounded, missing

3. Battle for New York
British General Howe has 32,000 troops, Washington has 20,000
Battle of Long Island– Americans badly defeated, war could have been lost if not for Washington
Nathan Hale– American spy caught by British, “I only regret that I have but one life to give for my country.”

4. Rough Time for the Patriots
US soldiers don’t have proper clothes, shoes, supplies
Many deserters– leave army w/o permission, cause is about to collapse
Thomas Paine writes “The Crisis” –written to inspire the troops and citizens
Washington wants slaves to be able to fight, southern colonies against it
New England colonies let them fight anyway

5. Victory in New Jersey
British do not plan to fight in the winter, plan to stay in NY, leave Hessians in Trenton and Princeton
Washington sneaks across the Delaware River on Christmas night and defeats Hessians in Trenton

6. Battle of Princeton– Americans leave fires burning, draw British in, surround them
Big victory, lifts spirits

7. A British Plan for Victory
British plan to take Albany/Hudson River– will cut off New England colonies from other colonies
3 Way Plan:
Gen. Burgoyne- goes south from Canada
Gen. St. Leger- goes east from Lake Ontario
Gen. Howe- goes north from NY

8. Howe decides to take Philly on the way to Albany but Washington attacks at Brandywine and Germantown
Both American losses but slows down British

9. St. Leger is stopped by Benedict Arnold at Fort Stanwix
Burgoyne takes back Ft. Ticonderoga but moves to slow in the woods
He runs out of supplies, sends some troops to find more and they get captured by Green Mtn. Boys at Ft. Bennington

10. Battle of Saratoga Burgoyne retreats to Saratoga, NY
He expects help from Howe & St. Leger
Americans surround him, led by Gen. Horatio Gates
Burgoyne tries to break out once but then is forced to surrender
Saratoga shows the world we might actually win– France and Spain now help

12. Foreign Allies France has been sending $, but now also sends troops
Spain and France declare war on England, now England has to worry about Europe
Spain captures British forts on the Miss. River– Bernardo de Galvez

13. Marquis de Lafayette (French) helps led troops in battle, good friends w/ Washington
Pulaski (Poland)– designs forts and trains cavalry
Von Stueben (Germany)– drill sergeant, whips troops into fighting shape

14. Valley Forge
Washington spends winter camped 20 miles outside of Philly at Valley Forge
Lack of food, warm clothes, shoes, blankets, tents
Many die of starvation, exposure, many also desert the army

15. Fighting at Sea
British use their navy to blockade our coast– lack of supplies
Congress calls for ship building and privateers attack British ships
John Paul Jones destroys the British ship “Serapis”– “I have not yet begun to fight!”