2. POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY

3. State (aka Country) A politically organized territory with a permanent population, a defined territory, and a government, and recognized as such by other states and has sovereignty (control over its’ internal and external affairs).

4. State (aka Country) A politically organized territory with a permanent population, a defined territory, and a government, and recognized as such by other states

5. Nations Nation: A group of people with a common culture living in a territory and having a strong sense of unity

6. Nations Nation: A group of people with a common culture living in a territory and having a strong sense of unity Kurds Japanese

7. Nation-State A politically organized area in which nation and state occupy the same space Rare in practice An ideal for governments as source of political loyalty and unity

8. Nation-State A politically organized area in which nation and state occupy the same space Rare in practice An ideal for governments as source of political loyalty and unity Japanese 98.5%, Koreans 0.5%, Chinese 0.4%, other 0.6% note: up to 230,000 Brazilians of Japanese origin migrated to Japan in the 1990s to work in industries; some have returned to Brazil (2004) Armenian 97.9%, Yezidi (Kurd) 1.3%, Russian 0.5%, other 0.3% (2001 census) Egyptian 99.6%, other 0.4% (2006 census)

9. Stateless Nation A nation with no state

10. Stateless Nations Basques Quebecois Catalonia

11. State, Nation, Nation State, Stateless- Nation

14. REGIONAL POLITICAL SYSTEMS Countries are often divided into smaller units to make governing more efficient.  cities, towns, villages Smaller political units often combine to form larger regional units, such as counties, provinces, and states.

15. GEOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF States 1)SIZE 2)SHAPE 3)RELATIVE LOCATION LANDLOCKED > a land (country) surrounded by other land with no direct outlet to the sea.

16. GEOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF NATIONS Uzbekistan Landlocked Country

17. Territorial Morphology

18. NATIONAL BOUNDARIES Natural Boundaries - rivers, lakes, chains of mountains; Rio Grande Artificial Boundaries - fixed line following latitude and longitude

19. NATIONAL BOUNDARIES Natural Boundary – Rio Grande River

20. NATIONAL BOUNDARIES Artificial Boundary