1. Chapter 6: Electricity and Magnetism

2. Electric Charges Fig 6.3

3. Electrostatic Charge Stationary charge confined to an object Charging mechanisms –Friction –Contact with a charged object –Induction Stationary charge confined to an object Charging mechanisms –Friction –Contact with a charged object –Induction

4. Electrical Conductors and Insulators

5. Measuring Electric Charge Unit of charge –Coulomb (C) –Equivalent to charge of 6.24x10 18 electrons! –Fundamental metric unit –FYI: Equation 6.1 Unit of charge –Coulomb (C) –Equivalent to charge of 6.24x10 18 electrons! –Fundamental metric unit –FYI: Equation 6.1

6. Measuring Electrical Forces Coulomb’s law Relationship giving force between two charges Similar to Newton’s law of gravitation but… Ratio of “k” versus “G” implies gravity weaker. Coulomb’s law Relationship giving force between two charges Similar to Newton’s law of gravitation but… Ratio of “k” versus “G” implies gravity weaker. 2

7. Charges surrounded by electric fields Fields and charges inseparable Fields act on other charges. Charges surrounded by electric fields Fields and charges inseparable Fields act on other charges. Force “Fields”

8. Electric Potential (V) Fig 6.8 Equation 6.3 A Volt is a Joule / Coulomb

9. Electric Current (I) Flow of charge Reason for charge flow: –Potential differences (voltage) Charge per unit time –Thus, a “rate” Units? –Coulomb per second [C/s] –Amperes [Amps]. Flow of charge Reason for charge flow: –Potential differences (voltage) Charge per unit time –Thus, a “rate” Units? –Coulomb per second [C/s] –Amperes [Amps].

10. The Nature of Current (3 Fundamental Conclusions ; see Fig 6.12 caption) Fig 6.14 Fig 6.12

11. Electric Circuits Fig 6.10

12. DC versus AC Alternating current (AC) Direct current (DC) How Stuff Works HomepageFSU Homepage Charges rapidly change directions Household circuits ; Transformers. Charges rapidly change directions Household circuits ; Transformers. Charges move in one direction Batteries ; Solar Cells Charges move in one direction Batteries ; Solar Cells

13. Electrical Resistance (R)

14. Electrical Power and Work Power in circuits Electric bills

19. Cost of operating these items? First: Determine how many Watts (P=IV) Then: First: Determine how many Watts (P=IV) Then:

20. Household Circuits and Safety Circuit Breaker Three-Pronged Plug Polarized Plugs GFCI Three-Pronged Plug Polarized Plugs GFCI

21. Magnetism A Property of Electricity

22. Magnetic Poles and Fields Fig 6.20 Fig 6.19 No matter how you cut it, it keeps coming up a “dipole”

23. Earth’s Magnetic Field Magnetic Declination Magnetic Declination Fig 6.21 Fig 6.22

24. Electric Currents and Magnetism: Current Loops Fig 6.25 Fig 6.27 Current Loops: Basis of a Solenoid Note: Magnetic field is like that of a bar magnet.

25. Electromagnets Widely used “device” Galvanometer Fig 6.28 Electric Meters Fig 6.29 Electric Switches: Relays and Solenoid Switches

26. Electromagnets Other Uses? Fig 6.30 Telephones and Speakers Electric Motors Fig 6.31

27. Electromagnetic Induction (to induce is to cause) Fig 6.32

28. Generators Fig 6.33

29. How does “power” get to your house?

30. Transformers Fig 6.34 Fig 6.35 Step-down Step-up

31. Next: Exam 2