1. 1 You Get to Go... NOW! Opening Space To The American People A Recommendation to the Augustine Review of US Human Space Flight Committee Bruce Pittman 1 Dan Rasky 2 Lynn Harper 3 1 - President, Silicon Valley Space Club, bpittman@earthlink.net, 408-230-0410bpittman@earthlink.net 2 - Director, Space Portal, NASA Research Park, daniel.j.rasky@nasa.gov, 650-604-1098daniel.j.rasky@nasa.gov 3 - Lead for Integrated Studies, Space Portal, NASA Research Park, lynn.d.harper@nasa.gov, 650-604-4930lynn.d.harper@nasa.gov

2. 2 Critical Words to Heed “I now dream of a day when any American can launch into the vastness of outer space...” Gen. Charles Bolden, July, 2009 “We must unleash the genius of private enterprise to secure the United States' leadership in space.” President Barack Obama, August, 2008 “We choose to go to the moon in this decade and do the other things, not because they are easy, but because they are hard, because that goal will serve to organize and measure the best of our energies and skills, …” President Kennedy, Rice University Speech in September, 1962

3. 3 The Most Critical Metric For the Future of the US Space Program... You Get to Go... NOW! –This means you personally, or the equipment or experiments that you have designed or built –This has already begun! Six private citizens have flown to space on Russian vehicles!! Virgin Galactic has 250 firm reservations for passengers with over $30 million in deposits SpaceX has manifested two Dragonlab flights available to space experimenters for 2011 and 2012. A total of 17 Dragon capsule flights are scheduled thru 2015. 19 teams have registered for the $30 million Google Lunar X Prize competition Inspiring the nation –Requires that the public can contribute now in a real and substantial ways to the activities, challenges and benefits of space –Public investment to help develop a new space user community is critical for a viable and sustainable US space program –Public participation will enable expansion of our civilization into space The goals of a 21st Century national space program, must surely include bringing its citizens to space... “Our ultimate objective is the exploration of, and eventually extension of human civilization within the solar system. This will take a long time, but the time has come to begin. This is a goal worthy of a great nation.” –Beyond Low-Earth Orbit Subcommittee Report, HSFR, July 30, 2009

4. 4 Integrated Options for Consideration Going Forward Main OptionYou Go Now!! Budget 10-20 Shuttle Retire. ISS Life Crew to LEOHeavy Lift Refuel. Option First > LEO Destination Commer- cial Engage. Baseline Derived from Prog. of Record Few astronauts go ~FY10 Budget 20112015IP then Ares IAres VNoLunar sortie/outpost COTS cargo ISS FocusedA few people go ~FY10 Budget 20112020IP then Ares I or commercial Ares VNoLunar sortie/outpost Cargo and crew Dash Out of LEO Astronauts go ~FY10 Budget 20112015IPAres V (dual) NoLunar orbit, L’s, NEO COTS cargo Use Shuttle Systems Astronauts go > FY10 Budget 20152020Shuttle/IP then commercial Direct Shuttle derived Enhanc- ing Lunar sortie/outpost Cargo and crew Deep SpaceAstronauts go > FY10 Budget 20112020US backup to IP and commercial NASA heritage or EELV SH Enhanc- ing Lunar orbit, L’s, NEO, Planet flyby Cargo and crew Lunar Global Astronauts go > FY10 Budget 20112020US backup to IP and commercial NASA heritage or EELV SH Enhanc- ing Lunar sortie/extende d stay Cargo and crew Mars FirstAstronauts go > FY10 Budget 20112020IP then commercial Ares V (many) EnablingMars with lunar test flight Cargo and crew Public Space Many people go! ~FY10 Budget 20152020IP & commercial Side- mount EnablingPublic Choice On all elements

5. 5 Yes We Can Go To Space We can open up the space frontier for the American people if we make the proper decisions and investments: –Fly Americans in space! Make this a key metric with a goal of tens of thousands not dozens/yr –Make buying commercial products and services the standard instead of the exception Expand the COTS “commercial leverage” model into new areas Make better use of NASA’s prize authority to demonstrate breakthrough capabilities Utilize Public/Private partnerships with risk and reward sharing –Invest in a “Public Space” architecture that opens up multiple options and can be used by the private sector Commercial fuel depots Commercial human rated reusable launch vehicles that fly often Orbital facilities including ISS –Invest in research again High risk, high payoff research Driven by and for industry; not just NASA Funding must be fenced off from projects This is a goal truly worthy of a great nation

6. 6 Backup Slides

7. Space Flight Opportunities - Then and Now 2004 Launches-19 Commercial = 10 NASA = 4 DOD/OtherGov = 5 2005 Launches-15 Commercial = 6 NASA = 5 DOD/OtherGov = 4 2003 Launches-26 Commercial = 8 NASA = 7 DOD/OtherGov = 11 2006 Launches-18 Commercial = 5 NASA = 7 DOD/OtherGov = 6 2007 Launches-18 Commercial = 5 NASA = 7 DOD/OtherGov = 6 2008 Launches-15 Commercial = 6 NASA = 7 DOD/OtherGov = 2 US Launch Vehicle Stats Number of Successful Launches Worldwide Orbital Space Launch Success 1958-2008* 2008 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 Year USSR/Russia United States Europe China *Source: Space Launch Report http://www.spacelaunchreport.com/index.htmll

8. Singapore (96) China (01) France South Korea Finland Taiwan (01) Ireland Iran Italy Mexico United Kingdom (01) Germany (01) Japan (01) Israel Thailand (96) United States Sweden 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% Percentage of 24-Year-Olds With First University Degrees In Engineering or Natural Sciences Relative to all First University Degree Recipients Percentage of 24-Year-Olds With First University Degrees In Engineering or Natural Sciences Relative to all First University Degree Recipients Source: National Science Board Science and Engineering Indicators 2004 All data was gathered in 2002 except as otherwise noted

9. 9 1958196019651970 1975 19801985199019952000 2005 Source: USRA White paper on Educating the Next Generation of Space Scientists and Engineers http://www.usra.edu/cs/issues_and_programs_committee/handson_training_initiative