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1 ALEFACEPT Biogen, Inc. Dermatologic and Ophthalmic Drugs Advisory Committee Meeting 23 May 2002 4000.01
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2 Proposed Indication for Alefacept Indication Alefacept is indicated for the treatment of patients with chronic plaque psoriasis who are candidates for systemic or phototherapy Dosing Regimen Once per week for twelve weeks –7.5 mg intravenous bolus injection –15 mg intramuscular injection Repeat courses can be given after a twelve week rest period 4001.01
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3 Agenda Overview Burt Adelman, MD (Biogen Inc.) Clinical Efficacy and Pharmacodynamics Akshay Vaishnaw, MD, PhD (Biogen Inc.) Clinical Safety Gloria Vigliani, MD (Biogen Inc.) Alefacept Risk Benefit Profile Mark Lebwohl, MD (Chairman, Professor of Dermatology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, NYC)
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4 Biogen Consultants Mark Lebwohl MD Chairman, Professor of Dermatology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine Richard A. Cooper MD Professor of Medicine and Health Policy Health Policy Institute Medical College of Wisconsin David J. Margolis MD, PhD Associate Professor of Dermatology Associate Professor of Epidemiology Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of Pennsylvania James G. Krueger MD, PhD Associate Professor and Physician Laboratory Head Investigative Dermatology The Rockefeller University
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5 Chronic Plaque Psoriasis T-cell mediated disease Men and women affected equally Genetic component Circumscribed, raised, red plaques –Scaly, itchy, cracking, bleeding –Moderate to severe characterized by > 10% body surface area involvement, but can be up to 98% Life-long disease with no cure
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6 Patient Perspective: Moderate to Severe Psoriasis “They glance at me and glance away, pained. My hands and my face mark me. The name of the disease, spiritually speaking, is Humiliation.” John Updike At War with My Skin
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7 Non-Cutaneous Burden of Disease QOL severely compromised and comparable to other major medical disorders Increased risk substance abuse, depression, suicide Common co-morbidities include obesity, heart disease, diabetes, hepatitis Patients with severe psoriasis surveyed by NPF desired more aggressive therapies
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8 Disease – suppressive Disease – remittive Systemic Methotrexate Retinoids Cyclosporine Phototherapy PUVA UVB Current Therapies
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9 Psoriatic Plaque Immunopathology of Psoriasis Activated T cells in lesions >75% T cells memory (CD45RO+) phenotype, derived from circulating memory T cells Release of inflammatory factors stimulates keratinocyte proliferation and angiogenesis Austin et al., 1999; Friedrich et al., 2000
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10 B Cells B Cells Monocytes/ DC Monocytes/ DC NKCells EosinophilsBasophils Neutrophils Naïve CD45RA+ Memory CD45RO+ T Cells (CD4+ or CD8+) Leukocyte Populations
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11 Memory T Cells are Derived from Naïve T Cells CD45RO + CD2 CD2 CD2 CD2 CD2 CD2 Memory T Cell CD2 CD2 CD45RA+ CD2 TCR Naïve T Cell CD2 CD2 AntigenPresentingCell MHC LFA3 TCR B7 CD28
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12 1st extracellular domain of human LFA-3 Fc portion of human IgG 1 H H LFA-3 CH2CH2 CH2CH2 CH3CH3 CH3CH3 Binds to CD2 Alefacept: A Fully Human Fusion Protein
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13 Alefacept Mechanism of Action Memory T Cell CD2 CD2 CD2 CD2 TCR Natural Killer Cell Fc RIII Granzyme AntigenPresentingCell MHC LFA3 LFA3 Memory T Cell apoptosis CD2 CD2 CD2 CD2 Alefacept
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14 Alefacept Targets Memory T Cells Placebo 0.025 mg/kg 0.075 mg/kg 0.150 mg/kg CD4+ memory T cells 700 500 300 100 Mean Count (cells/µL) 06121824 Time (weeks) Dosing Period 700 500 300 100 0 CD4+ naïve T cells 06121824 Dosing Period 0 Mean Count (cells/µL)
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15 Toxicology Program 35 toxicology studies in non-human primates Regimens up to 20 mg/kg IV weekly for 1 year
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16 Toxicology Program: Results Alefacept was well-tolerated Reversible decreases in lymphocyte counts, blood and lymphoid tissues No opportunistic infections No reproductive toxicity A single non-human primate developed a B cell lymphoma –High dose: 20 mg/kg weekly for 28 weeks –Exposure equivalent to 622 clinical courses
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17 Clinical Program 18 Clinical Studies –1357 psoriasis patients –240 healthy volunteers 3 randomized double-blind placebo-controlled studies in psoriasis patients Safety extension studies –Over 800 patients –Up to 5 treatment courses over 3 years
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18 Ongoing Clinical Development Psoriasis Scleroderma Alefacept Rheumatoid Arthritis PsoriaticArthritis
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19 Regulatory History August 1996Pre-IND Meeting August 1999End-of-Phase 2 Meeting - Design and size of Phase 3 trials - Study endpoints and statistical analyses - Safety database consistent with ICH Guidance July 2001Pre-BLA Meeting August 2001BLA Filing March 2002Safety Update
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