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Chapter 6 Section 2: The Election of 1800
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John Adams as President French were angry because of Jay’s Treaty with the British & began seizing American ships in French harbors –Adams sent officials to Paris to negotiate
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The XYZ Affair & Troubles with France Americans met with secret agents (X, Y, Z) Demanded a bribe of $250,000 & a loan to the French of $10 million before they would be allowed to see the foreign minister
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U.S. refused & came home By 1798 both countries were in an undeclared naval war
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The Alien & Sedition Acts Laws passed included increasing the size of the army & higher taxes. Alien Act- gave the President the power to arrest & deport citizens
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Naturalization Act- increased the time to become a citizen from 5 to 14 years Sedition Act- person who wrote, published, or said anything “false, scandalous, & malicious” against the government or it’s officials could be fined or jailed
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Used to silence Republican opposition 10 Republicans were convicted & many others were put on trial
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The VA & KY Resolutions States felt the Alien & Sedition Acts violated the Constitution Constitution doesn’t say who has the authority to judge the constitutionality of laws
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Passed these resolutions States have the right to judge whether federal laws agreed with the Constitution
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Gabriel Prosser’s Rebellion African American blacksmith He & several other slaves planned a rebellion in the Richmond area Intended to take over Richmond & win freedom Failed before it got underway –At least 20 were executed
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The Election of 1800 Adams loses Federalist support Needed to stop the undeclared naval war with France –Peaceful solution angered many Federalists They were in favor of a harsher policy; including a formal declaration of war
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Adams sent a second diplomatic mission Hurt him in the election because… –Lost support from aggressive Federalists –Alien & Sedition Acts now seen as unnecessary
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Hamilton rallied against Adams urging to vote for Charles Pinckney –Showed lack of unity in the party
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The Jeffersonian Republicans Support for France had damaged their popularity Able to use conflicts with the Federalists to their advantage
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The Campaign No speeches or statements from the candidates –Conducted through newspapers, pamphlets, etc Jefferson –Accused Adams of being a monarchist –Appealed to the common man –Linked Adams w/Alien & Sedition Acts
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Federalists –Jefferson was a godless man –Agent of the French revolution
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Jefferson’s Victory Won the popular vote in December, but didn’t win a majority in the Electoral College Jefferson & his running mate Aaron Burr both received 73 votes Adams won 65 & his VP 64
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Article II- If 2 candidates tied, the House decides Federalists controlled the old House Jefferson received support from Hamilton Feb. 17- House chose Jefferson on the 36 th ballot
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A Peaceful Transfer of Power New capital was designed by Pierre L’Enfant to feature broad boulevards & Roman buildings
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