1. Chapter 13 Body Composition The Facts About Body Composition & Controlling Body Fat Pgs 221-233

2. Body Composition All the tissues that make up your body are called body composition. All the tissues that make up your body are called body composition. Body fatness refers to the percentage of your total body that is fat tissue Body fatness refers to the percentage of your total body that is fat tissue

3. Body Composition Lean tissue includes muscle, bones, skin, and organs Lean tissue includes muscle, bones, skin, and organs People who do activity usually have more lean body tissue and less fat People who do activity usually have more lean body tissue and less fat

4. Factors Influencing Body Fat Heredity Heredity Basal Metabolism (energy your body uses to keep you alive) Basal Metabolism (energy your body uses to keep you alive) Maturation Maturation Early Fatness Early Fatness Diet Diet Physical Activity Physical Activity

5. Weight vs. Fat Muscle weighs more than fat, so weight is not a good indicator of body composition Overfat means having too much fat Underfat means having too little fat Obesity describes people who are extremely overfat

6. Females vs. Males Females generally have more fat than males Females generally have more fat than males Healthy ranges are 7-25% for males and 13-32% for females Healthy ranges are 7-25% for males and 13-32% for females Having too much or too little body fat can cause health concerns Having too much or too little body fat can cause health concerns

7. Too Much Fat Having too much fat is unhealthy Overfat people are at risk for heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, & cancer Too much abdominal fact poses greater risks

8. Too Little Fat Too little fat is also a health risk Too little fat is also a health risk Can cause abnormal functioning of organs Can cause abnormal functioning of organs Females can lose reproductive functioning Females can lose reproductive functioning Bone density affected Bone density affected Can be fatal Can be fatal

9. Essential Body Fat Essential body fat is the minimum amount of body fatness needed Essential body fat is the minimum amount of body fatness needed Body fat is important for: Body fat is important for: 1. insulation from heat and cold 2. vitamin usage and absorption 3. shock absorber, protects from injury 4. energy storage 5. healthy amount make body look good

10. Anorexia Nervosa Anorexia is a serious eating disorder when a person restricts food Anorexics see themselves as fat Many anorexics do extensive exercise Anorexia can be life threatening

11. Anorexia Athletica Similar to anorexia nervosa, but is most common in athletes where weight is critical Similar to anorexia nervosa, but is most common in athletes where weight is critical Gymnasts, cheerleaders, wrestlers, dancers, boxers, etc Gymnasts, cheerleaders, wrestlers, dancers, boxers, etc There is a preoccupation to maintain a low weight or certain weight for a sport There is a preoccupation to maintain a low weight or certain weight for a sport

12. Bulimia Eating disorder characterized by bingeing and purging Eating disorder characterized by bingeing and purging Person eats large amounts of food (usual junk food) Person eats large amounts of food (usual junk food) Purging techniques: vomiting and laxatives Purging techniques: vomiting and laxatives

13. Body Fat Assessments Underwater Weighing Underwater Weighing Skinfold Measurements Skinfold Measurements Body Measurements (waist and hip) Body Measurements (waist and hip) Body Mass Index (BMI) Body Mass Index (BMI) Height and Weight Charts Height and Weight Charts Waist-to-Hip Ratio Waist-to-Hip Ratio Bioelectrical Impedance (Analyzers) Bioelectrical Impedance (Analyzers)

14. Balancing Calories Calories in = Calories out for maintenance Eating more than you burn = weight gain Burning more than you eat = weight loss 3500 calories = 1 lb

15. Fat Loss Best way to lose fat is to balance diet with exercise Best way to lose fat is to balance diet with exercise Dieting alone usually causes muscle loss Dieting alone usually causes muscle loss

16. Aerobic Activities Aerobic activities are most effective for fat loss Sports and recreational activities also helpful

17. Myths About Fat Loss Exercise is not effective for fat loss Exercise is not effective for fat loss Exercise increases your appetite and you overeat Exercise increases your appetite and you overeat Most overfat people have glandular problems Most overfat people have glandular problems You can spot reduce a specific body part or lose fat in a particular area You can spot reduce a specific body part or lose fat in a particular area