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Chapter 4 The War for Independence
Section 3 Struggling Toward Saratoga
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Chapter 4 Section 3 Struggling Toward Saratoga
KEY TERMS Valley Forge Trenton Saratoga Inflation Profiteering
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Chapter 4 Section 3 Struggling Toward Saratoga
British decide to stop rebellion by isolating New England 32,000 British soldiers and Hessians take New York in summer of 1776 Many colonial troops killed Washington’s army retreats to Pennsylvania
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Chapter 4 Section 3 Struggling Toward Saratoga
Battle of Trenton Christmas 1776 Washington Crosses Delaware River in NJ Surprises Hessian garrison Wins Battle of Trenton Eight days later, Americans win battle of Princeton against British
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Chapter 4 Section 3 Struggling Toward Saratoga
French secretly start sending weapons to Americans (1776) French recognize American Independence, sign treaty in 1778 vowing no peace until Britain recognizes American Independence
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Chapter 4 Section 3 Struggling Toward Saratoga
Valley Forge Continental Army of 10,000 camps there during winter of During this time more than 2,000 die of cold and hunger Situation desperate
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Chapter 4 Section 3 Struggling Toward Saratoga
Need for Money Congress sells BONDS to investors & foreign governments Prints paper money called “Continentals” Inflation (rising prices for goods) Some Officials engage in “Profiteering” by selling scarce items for extreme profit – Price gouging Two patriots Morris & Salomon use own credit to borrow money to pay army
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Chapter 4 Section 3 Struggling Toward Saratoga
Civilians at War Husbands fight, women manage homes & businesses Many women cook, wash, mend clothing, provide medical care to troops Some women fight Thousands of African American Slaves escape to cities, frontier Approx 5,000 African Americans serve in Continental Army
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